A novel two-step paradigm was used to investigate the parallel programming of consecutive, stimulus-elicited ('reflexive') and endogenous ('voluntary') saccades. The mean latency of voluntary saccades, made following the first reflexive saccades in two-step conditions, was significantly reduced compared to that of voluntary saccades made in the single-step control trials. The latency of the fir...

This study addresses the matter of reflexive control of the emotional states by means of Reflexive Game Theory (RGT). It is shown how to build a bridge between RGT and emotions. For this purpose the Pleasure-Arousal-Dominance (PAD) model is adopted. The major advantages of RGT are its ability to predict human behavior and unfold the entire spectra of reflexion in the human mind. On the other ha...

We consider when the quaternion matrix equation AXB+CXD=E has a reflexive (or anti-reflexive) solution with respect to given generalized reflection matrix. adopt real representation method derive solutions it is solvable. Moreover, we obtain explicit expressions of least-squares solutions.

The goal of achieving powerful problem solving capabilities leads to the “advice taker” form of program and the associated problem of control. This proposal outlines an approach to this problem based on the construction of problem solvers with advanced self-knowledge and introspection capabilities. 1 The Problem of Control Self-reverence, self-knowledge, self-control, These three alone lead lif...

Dutch has two reflexive pronouns, zich and zichzelf. When is each one used? This question has been debated in the literature on binding theory, reflexives and anaphora resolution. Partial solutions have attempted to use syntactic binding domains, semantic features and pragmatic concepts such as focus to predict reflexive choice, but until now no experimental data either in favor of or against o...

BACKGROUND Cough reflex testing is a validated tool for identifying patients at risk of silent aspiration. However, inter- and intra-rater reliabilities of perceptual judgements of cough strength are sub-optimal. Although there are clinically established methods for measuring volitional cough strength, no similar methods are identified for reflexive cough strength. This study evaluated three me...

The gender information in written Chinese third person pronouns is not symmetrically encoded: the character for "he" (, with semantic radical , meaning human) is used as a default referring to every individual, while the character for "she" (, with semantic radical , meaning woman) indicates females only. This critical feature could result in different patterns of processing of gender informati...

We suggest defining the structure of an unoriented graph Rd on the set of reflexive polytopes of a fixed dimension d. The edges are induced by easy mutations of the polytopes to create the possibility of walks along connected components inside this graph. For this, we consider two types of mutations: Those provided by performing duality via nef-partitions, and those arising from varying the lat...