Pannon White (n=12) male rabbits (weight: 4050 to 4500 g, age: 9 months) received 2 ml of a suspension containing purified T-2 toxin by gavage for 3 days. The daily toxin intake was 4 mg/animal (0.78 to 0.99 mg/kg body weight (BW)). Control animals (n=12) received toxin-free suspension for 3 days. Since a feed-refusal effect was observed on the second day after T-2 administration, a group of bu...

background: this cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate the effect of &gamma-rays; and electron-beam irradiation with a commercial toxin binder-milbond-tx on the performance, feed components, and meat quality of japanese quails challenged with aflatoxin b1. methods: overall, 168 one-d-old chicks (japanese quails) were allocated to eight treatments with three replicates based on a compl...

association of cluster headache and secondary blepharospasm bagheri a, md*; mohammadi m, md; khosravi fard k, md; harooni g, md ophthalmic research center, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, tehran, iran * corresponding author: [email protected] purpose: to report a case of cluster headache associated with secondary blepharospasm and its management. case report: a 37-year-old ...

T-2 toxin, a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species, has been shown to cause diverse toxic effects in animals and is also a possible pathogenic factor of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). The role of mitochondria in KBD is recognized in our recent research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of mitochondria in T-2 toxin-induced human chondrocytes apoptosis to understand the pathogenesis of...

In this study, concentration-response parameters were determined for rats and guinea pigs systematically exposed to an aerosol of T-2 toxin. The LC50 for a 10-min exposure to T-2 toxin aerosol was 0.02 mg T-2/liter air for rats and 0.21 mg T-2/liter air for guinea pigs. Data from total T-2 deposition in rats and guinea pigs exposed to their respective LC50 aerosol concentration gave an LD50 of ...

Parasporin-2, a new crystal protein from non-insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis, exhibits strong cytocidal activity against various mammalian cells with divergent target specificity. The toxin binds to the surface of target cells and increases permeability of plasma membrane. Subcellular fractionation and immunoblot analysis of the toxin-treated cells revealed that the toxin bound to lipid raf...

T-2 toxin can cause damage to the articular cartilage, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. By employing the culture of rat chondrocytes, we investigated the effect of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway on the damage to chondrocytes induced by T-2 toxin. It was found that T-2 toxin could reduce cell viability and increased the number of apoptotic cells when compared with the control gro...

T-2 toxin is a secondary fungal metabolite produced by various species of Fusarium. It is capable of killing cells by causing extensive damage to the cellular membrane. In this study, cytotoxicity of T-2 toxin in combination with different antioxidant materials, including vitamin C (vit. C), vitamin E (vit. E) and selenium (sel) was investigated in vitro using the neutral red cytotoxicity assay...

T-2 toxin is a cytotoxic secondary fungal metabolite that belongs to the trichothecene mycotoxin family. This mycotoxin is a well known inhibitor of protein synthesis through its high binding affinity to peptidyl transferase, which is an integral part of the ribosomal 60s subunit, and it also inhibits the synthesis of DNA and RNA, probably secondary to the inhibition of protein synthesis. In ad...