To develop sustainable cropping systems, the coherence between economic, environmental, and energy aspects must be considered. We aimed to assess sustainability of corn (Zea mays) production using four tillage systems which varied in intensity soil disturbance (i.e., conventional till with moldboard plow (MP), chisel (CP), strip-tillage (ST), no-till (NT)) by performing life cycle assessment (L...

Extracellular soil enzymes play a key role in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. However, it is not fully understood how these respond to different land use. Long-term research studies were used evaluate diversified management practices affect extracellular driving C cycling [phenol oxidases (PO), peroxidases (PP), α-glucosidase (AG), β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CB), ...

Soil organic matter (SOM) is a complex mixture of multiple fractions soil C (SOC) that can be influenced by management decisions. This study evaluate the effects tillage (moldboard plow [MP] and no-tillage [NT]) commercial fertilizer as limestone ammonium nitrate (28–0–0) at three rates (0 [0-N], 100 [100-N], 200 [200-N] kg N ha–1) on SOC, total (STN), SOM (total particulate matter-C [POM-C] mi...

efficient energy use in agriculture sector is one of the prerequisites to sustainable agriculture, because it allows financial savings, fossil resources preservation along with decreasing trend of air pollution. this research was conducted at the agricultural research field of zanjan university to determine the level of input energy in different tillage systems in forage maize production when i...

suitable soil structure is important for crop growth. one of the main characteristics of soil structure is the size of soil aggregates. there are several ways of showing the stability of soil aggregates, among which the determination of the median weight diameter of soil aggregates is the most common method. in this paper, a method based on adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (anfis) was used...

Biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP) is a ventilatory mode in which two pressure levels (higher (Phigh) and lower (Plow)) acting as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) alternate at preset time intervals. BiPAP combines pressure-controlled ventilation with unrestricted spontaneous breathing. BiPAP has not yet been evaluated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD...

ABSTRACT-This paper aims to develop a new design of a bentleg (BL) plow and to determine its performance as compared to the conventional one using finite element approach. The difference between the modified and conventional BL plows is the direction of angle between the projection of cutting blade on horizontal plane normal to plow shank and the line perpendicular to the plow shank in the same...

the chisel plow is one of the tillage implements utilized to carry out conservation tillage practices; therefore, it is valuable to pay more attention on the force requirement of this implement. to achieve this goal, a theoretical model was developed to calculate draft, specific draft, and drawbar power of a chisel plow. then, results obtained from the developed model were compared with the rep...

The World Health Organization has identified hypercholesterolemia to be one of the major symptoms encompassing the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, epidemiologic evidence indicates that lowbirth-weight offspring are at greater risk of developing the metabolic syndrome. Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that maternal protein restriction (MPR) results in impaired fetal growth and hypercho...