Opioids have been previously shown to confer short-term cardioprotection against a prolonged ischemic insult. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine whether opioids can induce a delayed or "second window" of cardioprotection and to assess the potential involvement of the mitochondrial KATP channel. All rats were subjected to 30 minutes of ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion (I/R...

conclusions blood glucose and hemodynamic changes caused by surgical stress were not significantly different between two groups. results there was not significantly difference between blood glucose level of both groups during 10 minutes before, 20 and 60 minutes after the intiation of anesthesia. heart rate changes in the general and spinal groups compared to the baseline level were decreased u...

conclusions kmc before and during heel lancing is a natural, easy to use, and cost-effective method to decrease pain in premature neonates. it is consistent with modern strategy of family-centered care in neonatal units. results the mean score of pain intensity during the intervention was significantly lower in the kmc position (p < 0/000). mean score of pain intensity at two minutes after inte...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of tetracaine on intraocular pressure (IOP) in normal and hypertensive rabbit eyes. METHODS The study was conducted on 12 healthy rabbits as controls and 6 healthy rabbits in which an experimental model of ocular hypertension (OHT) was induced by administration of 70 mL/kg of tap water through an orogastric tube. One drop of tetracaine was instilled in the left ...

Several calcium antagonists, each with significantly different chemical structures, have demonstrated variable attenuation of exercise-induced asthma. Quantitative comparisons have been hampered by differences in the intensity of challenge and the severity of the underlying disease between groups of patients. In 12 asthmatic adults with relatively severe exercise-induced asthma, we compared the...

background and objective: today, opioids are used to control and relieve acute and chronic pain. however, the incidence of both tolerance and dependence phenomena for these drugs is a major problem. so, in this study, the combination effect of haloperidol and methadone on the acquisition and expression of morphine dependence and tolerance was examined.    materials and methods: ninety-eight mic...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ibuprofen on plasma nitrite/nitrate levels, as indirect indicators of nitric oxide, in correlation with blood pressure in a rabbit model of endotoxin-induced shock. METHODS A total of 28 rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. Control group received physiological saline, while endotoxin (ETX, E. Coli, 055:B5, 2 mg/...

Visual acuity, colour vision, and contrast sensitivity of diabetic and non-diabetic subjects were measured before, 20 minutes after, and 24 hours after exposure to slit-lamp illumination either alone or during argon laser photocoagulation. In some instances a significant deterioration of these visual functions was noted when the tests were repeated 20 minutes after light exposure, but by 24 hou...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of open sea scuba air diving to 39 m (30 minutes bottom time) with standard decompression. To account for possible gravity dependent effects of venous gas bubbles, the variables were measured in different post-dive body postures and compared with the baseline values before the dive in the same posture. METHODS Eight male divers conducted two s...