ERECTA encodes a receptor-like kinase and is proposed as a candidate for determining transpiration efficiency of plants. Two genes homologous to ERECTA in Arabidopsis were identified on chromosomes 6 (TaER2) and 7 (TaER1) of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), with copies of each gene on the A, B and D genomes of wheat. Similar expression patterns were observed for TaER1 and TaER2 with relative...

Methods currently used in South Africa for determining the reactions of new sugarcane clones to smut, mosaic, leaf scald and streak during the process d selection are described and results from recent trials are presented. Resistance screening procedures have been expanded and improved in recent years. The main changes have been the regional location of trials involving the different diseases, ...

A non-destructive replica method and a 3-D reconstruction algorithm are used to analyse the geometry and expansion of the shoot apex surface. Surface expansion in the central zone of the apex is slow and nearly isotropic while surface expansion in the peripheral zone is more intense and more anisotropic. Within the peripheral zone, the expansion rate, expansion anisotropy, and the direction of ...

The impact of different levels of whole plant partial defoliation (WPPD) on the photosynthesis andprimarymetabolismofwheat,TriticumaestivumL.,was evaluatedat thevegetative and reproductive (grain-Þlling) developmental stages. Photosynthetic parameters such as photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, chlorophyll a ßuorescence, and plant morphological parameters, such asmain stemh...

The growth and production of sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] crops under semi-arid conditions in the Mediterranean environment of southern Italy are constrained by water stress. The effects of temporary water stress on growth and productivity of sweet sorghum were studied during three seasons at Rutigliano (Bari, Italy). The aim of this research was to evaluate the sensitivity of ph...

in order to investigation of waterlogging stress effects on morphological and physiological traits of rapeseed in different developmental stages, a pot experiment was conducted at gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural resources during 2010-2011. the experiment design was completely randomized with factorial arrangement and three replications. examined factors were developmental...

Class 1 KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX (KNOXI) genes encode transcription factors that are expressed in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and are essential for SAM maintenance. In some species with compound leaves, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), KNOXI genes are also expressed during leaf development and affect leaf morphology. To dissect the role of KNOXI proteins in leaf patterning, we express...

It is well recognized that host-specialized folivores prefer to feed on young in comparison to old leaves. However, the capacity of young leaf feeders to track speciÞc leaf developmental stages has not been clearly demonstrated. Using three insect folivores and two plant species, we show that nitrogen (N) fertilization changes leaf development and that herbivores track these changes in leaf dev...

The wild dioecious plant Corema album, endemic to the Atlantic coast of Iberian Peninsula, has potential become a new crop and integrate berry fruit market. Due its potential, aim this study was propose BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt CHemical Industry) scale for species. Based on field observation, principal growth stages were described sequentially established. Photographs st...

Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews) is an important traditional flower in China. Besides its beautiful flower, the leaf of tree peony has also good ornamental value owing to its leaf color change in spring. So far, the molecular mechanism of leaf color change in tree peony is unclear. In this study, the pigment level and transcriptome of three different color stages of tree peony leaf wer...