A family of cheap carbon black based Fe-Nx/C electrocatalysts with superhigh-performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) were synthesized. The one with Fe 10 wt% and N 1.57 wt% shows the best performance. The activity order of different active sites for ORR was revealed firstly: Fe-N4/2-C > Fe4-N-C > N-C ≫ Fe4-C ≈ C.

We report a high-yield strategy for the synthesis of very small silver nanoclusters (2 to 5 silver atoms) formed from conventional silver salts and scaffolds as high-performance catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The work demonstrates that Ag NCs are excellent catalysts for ORR and show great potential in alkaline fuel cells.

We improved the effectiveness of Pt monolayer electrocatalysts for the oxygen-reduction reaction (ORR) using a novel approach to fine-tuning the Pt monolayer interaction with its support, exemplified by an annealed Pd(3)Fe(111) single-crystal alloy support having a segregated Pd layer. Low-energy ion scattering and low-energy electron diffraction studies revealed that a segregated Pd layer, wit...

We show that a partially reduced graphene oxide electrocatalyst, synthesized by electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO), displays significantly enhanced catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline solutions compared to the starting GO. The electrochemical partial reduction of GO was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Elec...

Well-dispersed Co1.67Te2 nanoparticles supported on carbon black have been synthesized via a solidstate reaction using Co and Te precursors in an autoclave at elevated temperatures. Their oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and selectivity as a function of heating temperatures in catalyst synthesis were evaluated by rotating disk (RDE) and ring-disk electrodes (RRDE). It was found that the...

BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (HER2/neu), which renders hormone-related endocrine and targeted therapy essentially futile. OBJECTIVE We performed a meta-analysis to assess the effects of antitumor regimens in the treatment of TNBC patients. METHODS We searched ...

Heteroatom-doped carbon matrices have been attracting significant attention due to their superior electrochemical stability, light weight and low cost. Hence, in this study, various types of heteroatom, including single dopants of N, B and P and multiple dopants of B-N and P-N with a carbon matrix were synthesized by an innovative method named the solution plasma process. The heteroatom was dop...

Nitrogen doped graphitic layer encased cobalt (N-C@Co) nanoparticles, as novel non-precious-metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), were fabricated by a facile method using cyanamide and cobalt nitrate as precursors. The N-C@Co catalysts exhibited comparable catalytic performance, better stability and improved methanol tolerance towards the ORR than those of the commercial Pt/C...

PURPOSE To examine and compare patient and oncologist preferences for advanced melanoma treatment attributes and to document their trade-offs for benefits with risks. MATERIALS AND METHODS A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted among advanced melanoma patients and oncologists. Qualitative pilot testing was used to inform the DCE design. A series of scenarios asked stakeholders to ch...

We propose guidelines for the design of improved bimetallic (and related) electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media. This guide is based on simple thermodynamic principles assuming a simple mechanism where one metal breaks the oxygen-oxygen bond of molecular O(2) and the other metal acts to reduce the resulting adsorbed atomic oxygen. Analysis of the Gibbs free en...