There are two categories of products that are commercially available in order to “beat” drug tests. The first category includes taking specific fluids or tablets (hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic), along with substantial water intake to flush out drugs and metabolites. Many of these products can produce diluted urine, thus reducing concentrations of abused drugs/metabolites. Common products are ...

Advocacy intervention has been shown to be efficacious at reducing depressive symptoms in women who suffer from intimate partner violence (IPV). However, the intervention effect among abused immigrant women has not been well studied. This study compares the demographic and psychosocial characteristics between abused immigrant and nonimmigrant women, and evaluates the impact of immigration statu...

Child abuse and neglect affect the development of social cognition in children and inhibit social adjustment. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability to identify the emotional states of others between abused and non-abused children. The participants, 129 children (44 abused and 85 non-abused children), completed a children's version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). ...

The emergence of clinically efficacious prescription drugs to treat pain, anxiety, and learning disorders is accompanied by the potential for nonmedical use. Prescription drug abuse has become a modern-day epidemic in the United States and is now second only to marijuana use across all age groups. This article reviews the various data collection, analysis, and reporting systems that have been d...

Neurotrophic factor signaling modulates cellular and behavioral responses to drugs of abuse. Among other biochemical adaptations, chronic exposure to abused drugs decreases the expression of insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2; a protein involved in neurotrophic signaling) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), a neural substrate for many drugs of abuse. Using viral-mediated gene transfer to loca...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none fa background : this study aimed to determine the types of elder abuse, their risk factors and the characteristics of abusers among abused elderly people aged above 60 years in isfahan. methods : in this descriptive cross-sectional study, abused elderly individuals aged above 60 years that referred to the centers of competent jurisdiction with complaint a...

Enantiomers are pairs of nonsuperimposable mirror-image compounds, typically include one or more asymmetric (chiral) carbons (carbon bonded to four different groups). The two individual components of an enantiomer-pair have identical chemical and physical properties, differing only in the way they react with other chiral compounds and the direction in which they rotate plane-polarized light, an...