background:breast cancer remains the most common and second lethal cancer in females. her-2/neu is one of the most important amplified oncogene in breast cancer. the amplification of her-2 is correlated with decreased survival, metastasis, and early recurrence.  the amplification of her-2/neu gene and synthesis of the protein are reported in 10%-34% of breast cancer cases associated with tumor ...

We have devised protein-folding sensors that link protein stability to TEM-1 β-lactamase activity. The addition of osmolytes and other compounds with chemical chaperone activity to the growth medium of bacteria containing these sensors increases β-lactamase activity up to 207-fold in a dose-dependent manner. This enables the rapid detection and sensitive quantification of compounds that enhance...

backgoround: plant diseases, caused by a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi, could be managed using of trichoderma sp, as a biocontrol agent. cell wall degrading enzymes like chitinase from t. harzianum are important means for fungal pathogen inhibition. overexpression of these chitinase enzymes can improve the antagonistic potential of trichoderma sp. strains. objectives: this study aimed to ...

Changing economic environment, innovative production technologies and the need to obtain relevant information in decisionmaking, management determines organizations seek different approaches identify economies of scale. Economies scale are manifested as an effect cost reduction. The article proposes a comparative analysis two methods establishing costs that allow identification quantification r...

Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences which are capable of moving from one location to another and represent a large proportion (45%) of the human genome. TEs have functional roles in a variety of biological phenomena such as cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and aging. Rapid development in RNA-sequencing technology has enabled us, for the first time, to study the activity of TE at the...

This paper describes a new standpoint to further understanding the evolvability of A-life systems, that is, quantification of the dependency of system constituents. If a system exhibits evolutionary activity, new events, including the development or extinction of systems constituents, may emerge one after the other. The occurrence of new events would involve a changing complexion in the course ...

Different software tools for quantification of myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) studies are routinely used. Several perfusion parameters can be computed automatically.  Interpretation of the MPS should start with visual inspection of the rotating planar images, visual analysis of reconstructed SPECT slices and then quantitative analysis to confirm the visual impression. Quantification should be...

Background Area at risk measurements often rely on T2 weighted images, but subtle differences in T2 may be overlooked with this method. Quantitative T2 mapping may bring us beyond some of the technical limitations associated with T2-weighted images (Giri et al JCMR, 2009). We hypothesize that T2 quantification can detect differences between salvaged and infarcted myocardium within the AAR in a ...

1. Solution of a two-point boundary value problem. We consider a linear dynamical system ˙ x = Ax, with x(t) ∈ R n. There is an n-dimensional subspace of solutions of this equation, so to single out one of the trajectories we can impose, roughly speaking, n equations. In the most common situation, we specify x(0) = x 0 , in which case the unique solution is x(t) = e tA x 0. This is called an in...

Korean has two types of answers shorter than full sentential answers: Fragments and null argument constructions. Apparently the two constructions have the same interpretative processes. However, there are some cases where the fragment and null argument construction behave differently: e.g., wh-puzzles, sloppy interpretation. We suggest that the two constructions involve two different types of a...