Adrenal length and width were determined from two-dimensional ultrasound longitudinal images. In study 1, 540 measurements of adrenal glands were attempted from five healthy beagle dogs by three different observers with different levels of expertise in ultrasonography, to determine the variability of adrenal gland measurements. Of these, 484 measurements were included in the statistical analysi...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to modify the adrenal gland-sparing strategy based on retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy by reviewing the anatomic relationship between the kidney and the adrenal gland. METHODS From June 2010 to October 2012, a total of 68 patients (45 males and 23 females) with localized renal cell carcinoma were treated at our hospital. The study inc...

OBJECTIVES To establish a normal range for fetal adrenal gland length at 11-13 weeks' gestation and to investigate whether the length is altered in fetal trisomy 18. METHODS Fetal adrenal gland length was measured by three-dimensional ultrasound in fetuses at low risk of aneuploidies (n = 400) and another group at high risk, including 380 euploid fetuses and 41 with trisomy 18. The data of th...

1. Removal of one adrenal in the albino rat is followed by hypertrophy of the remaining gland. In the case of female rats 90 days of age this compensatory hypertrophy amounted to 61 per cent. 2. The increase in size of the whole gland is due entirely to hypertrophy of the cortex. This increase in cortical tissue amounted to approximately 91 per cent and was due in large part if not entirely to ...

The distribution of substance P (SP) immunoreactivity and the colocalization of SP with other bioactive substances in chromaffin cells and nerve fibers were investigated in the rat adrenal gland at the light microscopic level. In the capsule and cortex, SP immunoreactivity was seen in some nerve fibers around blood vessels and in thick nerve bundles passing through the cortex directly into the ...

Patients with an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) characteristically fail to show an increase in plasma aldosterone (PA) concentration with maneuvers that increase angiotensin II (Ang II), yet they retain a brisk response of PA to adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Therefore, adrenal Ang II receptor binding was characterized in a patient with APA who had a blocked PA response to Ang II infusion b...

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is a potent stimulator of aldosterone secretion in the rat adrenal gland but the type of receptor involved in the mechanism of action of 5-HT remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the pharmacological profile and to clone the receptor responsible for the corticotropic effect of 5-HT in rat glomerulosa cells. A series of 10 serotonerg...

Hormonal regulation of adrenal function occurs primarily through activation of GPCRs. GPCRs are central to many of the body's endocrine and neurotransmitter pathways. Recently, it was shown that activation of GPR103 by its ligand QRFP induced feeding, locomotor activity, and metabolic rate, and QRFP is bioactive in adipose tissue of obese individuals. Given that the adrenal gland is a pivotal o...

As has been reported previously by Diller and Shear (6) and by Diller (4), tumor cells of mice injected with a polysaccharide derived by Shear (9) from Serratia marcescens culture filtrate show degenerative responses within 6 hours. At a dose level that produced rapid sloughing of sarcoma 37 in about 1 out of every 4 mice, an equal number of mice usually succumbed to treatment. When adrenal cor...

We constructed a human pheochromocytoma cDNA library and used differential hybridization to human pheochromocytoma and human neuroblastoma cDNA probes to isolate genes that are highly expressed in the adrenal medullary neuroendocrine tumor, pheochromocytoma, but not in the more immature embryonal tumor of adrenal medulla, neuroblastoma. Two cDNA clones, pG8 and pG2, were more highly expressed i...