KuHNE [1875] recognised indole as one of the products of the bacterial decomposition of proteins. The discovery of tryptophan by Hopkins and Cole [1901] was followed by the proof by these authors that tryptophan was the parent substance of bacterially formed indole [Hopkins and Cole, 1903]. They succeeded in isolating indole and indoleacetic acid from the products of the aerobic growth of bacte...

Synthetic dyes are extensively used and rarely degraded. Microbial decomposition is a cost-effective alternative to chemical and physical degradation processes. In this study, the decomposition of simulated anthraquinone reactive dye (Reactive Blue 19; RB19) at a concentration of 400-mg/L in wastewater by a biofilm hydrolytic-aerobic recycling system was investigated over a range of recycling f...

Bioturbation plays a substantial role in sediment oxygen concentration, chemical cycling, regeneration of nutrients, microbial activity, and the rate of organic matter decomposition in modern oceans. In addition, bioturbators are ecosystem engineers which promote the presence of some organisms, while precluding others. However, the impact of bioturbation in deep time remains controversial and l...

Reduced Differental Transform Method (RDTM), which is one of the useful and effective numerical method, is applied to solve nonlinear time-dependent Foam Drainage Equation (FDE) with different initial conditions. We compare our method with the famous Adomian Decomposition and Laplace Decomposition Methods. The obtained results demonstrated that RDTM is a powerful tool for solving nonlinear part...

Biodrying is a variation of aerobic decomposition, used within mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) plants to dry and partially stabilise residual municipal waste. Biodrying MBT plants can produce a high quality solid recovered fuel (SRF), high in biomass content. Here, process objectives, operating principles, reactor designs, parameters for process monitoring and control, and their effect on...