SUMITOMO KAGAKU 2012 In this paper, the author will introduce biocatalysts that can be used in the synthesis of optically active alcohols, which are important key compounds because they are intermediates for pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, and in particular, he will introduce the development of techniques for asymmetric reduction enzymes and catalysts. In addition, a work on the eng...

White biotechnology is a fast emerging area that concerns itself with the use of biotechnological approaches in the production of bulk and fine chemicals, biofuels, and agricultural products. It is a truly multidisciplinary area and further progress depends critically on the role of chemists. This article outlines the emerging contours of white biotechnology and encourages chemists to take up s...

The development of new synthetic fluorination reactions has important implications in medicinal, agricultural, and materials chemistries. Given the prevalence and accessibility of alcohols, methods to convert alcohols to trifluoromethanes are desirable. However, this transformation typically requires four-step processes, specialty chemicals, and/or stoichiometric metals to access the trifluorom...

Many concerns exist today in rural and urban sectors about the threat to natural resources because of the problems agricultural production practices are causing, i.e. use of chemicals affecting the quality of life (Padgitt, 1987; Hallberg, 1986; Baker, Kanwar & Austin, 1985). Through the use of chemical fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides farmers are able to produce a reliable source of aff...

Most of the carbon-based compounds currently manufactured by the chemical industry are derived from petroleum. The rising cost and dwindling supply of oil have been focusing attention on possible routes to making chemicals, fuels, and solvents from biomass instead. In this context, many recent studies have assessed the relative merits of applying different dedicated crops to chemical production...

Policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions are likely to increase the prices for fossil fuel based energy. Higher energy prices would raise farmers' expenditure on machinery fuels, irrigation water, farm chemicals, and grain drying. To compute the economic net impacts of increased farm input costs on agricultural production after market adjustment, we employ a price endogenous sector model f...

Biaryl compounds are versatile building blocks in the synthesis of natural products, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals and π-conjugated organic materials. This review describes a recent progress for the biaryl cross-coupling reaction of heteroaromatic compounds using hypervalent iodine reagent. Our novel biaryl coupling reaction is a unique method for constructing various heteroaromatic b...

This is a review of reserpine, haloperidol, and various phenothiazines that produce parkinsonism and other movement disorders. The by-products of illicit meperidine synthesis, MPTP and its more sinister companion, MPP, are also discussed. Movement disorders, transient or fixed, frank parkinsonism and/or dyskinesia, due to a variety of other medications and toxic agents are included. These are m...

II. APPLICATIONS............................................................................... 7 A. Agricultural Sciences................................................................. 7 B. Animal Sciences ........................................................................ 8 C. Biotechnology............................................................................ 8 D. Earth Sciences ...