In recent years there has been considerable interest in the possibility of building complex problem solving systems as groups of cooperating experts. This has led us to develop a multiagent expert systems capable to run on servers that can support a large group of users (clients) who communicate with the system over the network. The system provides an architecture to coordinate the behavior of ...

This paper presents a Knowledge Representation Object Language (KROL) on top of Prolog. KROL aimed at providing the ability to develop second-generation expert systems. The main aspects of KROL include multi-paradigm knowledge representation (first-order predicate logic, objects, rules), inference mechanisms at different levels of granularity, explanation facility, object-oriented database mana...

The paper starts with an exploration of knowledgemanagement which focuses on the knowledgepyramid concept. The successful management ofthe transition from an agricultural to a knowledgebased society, it is argued, should go beyond formu-lating information communication technology pol-icies to include knowledge management policies aswell. The contribution of informati...

An undeniable and expensive consequence of agricultural practices is the adaptation of weeds to agricultural systems. Weeds are responsible for significant crop yield losses and for financial losses in agricultural production – in the order of 10% per year worldwide (Oerke, 2006). To address this critical problem, the discipline of weed science has expanded over the past 50 yr into an amalgam o...

This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundar...

Agriculture is one of the main human activities with direct and indirect effects on environment. The abandonment many traditional agricultural practices, mainly for their inability to meet current requirements industrial agriculture, has brought unsustainable systems characterized by high external energy inputs a fragility environmental political shocks. Therefore, sustainable agriculture nowad...