Treatment of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) from contaminated surface and groundwater supplies presents specific challenges due to the physicochemical properties of MTBE which depend strongly on its hydrophilic nature, and translate into a high solubility in water, very low HenryÕs constant and very low affinity for common adsorbents. In this study we evaluate two common treatment technologies,...

Eulerian models are used to represent the air traffic environment as traffic flows between interconnected control volumes representing the airspace system. While these models can be manually derived for simple air traffic patterns, computer-based approaches are essential for modeling realistic airspaces involving multiple traffic streams. A computeraided methodology for deriving large-dimension...

Flip buckets are terminal spillway elements, generating free jets for energy dissipation. Deflectors are an alternative to flip buckets with constructional ease yet of similar hydraulic features. A first experimental study published at the 33 IAHR Congress, Vancouver, investigated deflectorgenerated jets in terms of their air concentration characteristics. For jet impact onto a movable bed, the...

A novel method for narrowing microfluid width in microchannel is presented by utilizing of air boundaries of which inflation direction is perpendicular to microfluid flow. The air boundaries are generated by heating water with microheater. The microfluid width of 300 pm can be focused and maintained as up to 22 pm which is near cell size without affecting cell or microchannel structure. The nar...

Stull's transilient turbulence theory (T-theory) was originally developed to study turbulent air flow in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). The present work extends this model to study the interaction of turbulent air flow within a plant canopy and in the PBL. Additional mechanisms for the causes of wind shear-like leaf drag and destabilizing air flow, such as solar radiation absorption by lea...

New generation ambient air samplers operate at much lower sampling flow rates than do their “high volume” predecessors, namely 16.7 liters/minute. When these new air samplers emerged several years ago there were limited tools available with which to assess and calibrate their operating flow rate. In 1996 a flow meter specifically designed for these new air samplers came available, known as the ...

Air change rates (ACRs) and interzonal flows are key determinants of indoor air quality (IAQ) and building energy use. This paper characterizes ACRs and interzonal flows in 126 houses, and evaluates effects of these parameters on IAQ. ACRs measured using weeklong tracer measurements in several seasons averaged 0.73 ± 0.76 h(-1) (median = 0.57 h(-1), n = 263) in the general living area, and much...

temperature restrictions on aqueous effluents dictate that streams with a temperature higher than the permitted level needed to pass through cooling systems to reduce the effluent temperature before discharge. in this study, by considering the grouping design rules based on pinch technology, an optimum design for a distributed effluent cooling system, has been developed. a counter-flow wet cool...