Based on psychosocial models, a view of alcohol use and addiction as resulting from a habitual maladaptive means of coping with stress has recently emerged. In this article, we present some critical experiments documenting the effects of alcohol on stress, self-awareness, and self-evaluation as exemplars of a social cognition approach to the study of alcohol and stress. We assert that a social ...

OBJECTIVE This review attempts to differentiate neuroelectric measures (electroencephalogram (EEG), event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related oscillations (EROs)) related to acute and chronic effects of alcohol on the brain from those that reflect underlying deficits related to the predisposition to develop alcoholism and related disorders. The utility of these neuroelectric measures as...

BACKGROUND Heavy and chronic alcohol dependence and Alzheimer's disease may share some neuropsychological characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS The pattern of neuropsychological characteristics of 33 alcohol-dependent patients who reported memory disturbances were evaluated and compared to the neuropsychological performance of 38 patients with mild-stage Alzheimer's disease and 73 healthy sub...

Aims: To generate and pilot unfinished sentences, based on the Hayling Task of disinhibition, which could be completed with alcohol or non-alcohol words. To determine whether drinking habits influenced responses on the new sentences, which may advance understanding of the cognitive processes underlying alcohol-related behaviours. Methods: Three phases: I—Generation of appropriate sentences (via...

background: recent studies demonstrated that resveratrol has many therapeutic effects on liver disorders. resveratrol significantly increased survival after liver transplantation, decreased fat deposition, necrosis, and apoptosis which induced by ischemia in wistar rats. it provided liver protection against chemical, cholestatic, and alcohol injury. resveratrol can improve glucose metabolism an...

Alcohol use is a well characterized risk factor for traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, emerging clinical and experimental research suggests that TBI may also be an independent risk factor for the development of alcohol use disorders. In particular, TBIs incurred early in life predict the development of problem alcohol use and increase vulnerability to neuroinflammation as a consequence of a...