There is a large and growing literature on spillovers but no study that systematically evaluates the importance of for portfolio management. This paper provides such an analysis demonstrates are fully embedded in estimates expected returns, variances, correlations estimation not necessary asset allocation. Simulations typical empirical spillover settings further show same-frequency often neglig...

Objective: Almost all countries are affected by a variety of drug-supply problems and spend a considerable amount of time and resources to address shortages. The current study aims to reach a consensus on the scarce drug allocation measures to improve the allocation process of scarce drugs in Iran by a population needs-based approach. Methods: To achieve the objective, two phases were co...

Reliability allocation has an essential connection to design for reliability and is an important activity in the product design and development process. In determining the reliability of subsystems or components on the basis of goal reliability, attention must be paid to failure effect, failure information, and improvement opportunities based upon real potentials for reliability improvement. In...