This paper investigates alternation patterns in length, shape and orientation of dorsal cirri (fleshy segmental appendages) of phyllodocidans, a large group of polychaete worms (Annelida). We document the alternation patterns in several families of Phyllodocida (Syllidae, Hesionidae, Sigalionidae, Polynoidae, Aphroditidae and Acoetidae) and identify the simple mathematical rule bases that descr...

Neural networks in the spinal cord control two basic features of locomotor movements: rhythm generation and pattern generation. Rhythm generation is generally considered to be dependent on glutamatergic excitatory neurons. Pattern generation involves neural circuits controlling left-right alternation, which has been described in great detail, and flexor-extensor alternation, which remains poorl...

This paper investigates a relationship between inkdot and one-pebble for two-dimensional finite automata (2-fa’s). Especially we show that (1) alternating inkdot 2-fa’s are more powerful than nondeterministic one-pebble 2-fa’s, and (2) there is a set accepted by an alternating inkdot 2-fa, but not accepted by any alternating one-pebble 2-fa with only universal states. key words: inkdot, pebble,...

Numerous models of concurrency have been considered in the framework of automata. Among the more interesting concurrency models are classical nondeterminism and pure concur-rency, the two facets of alternation, and the bounded concurrency model. Bounded concurrency was previously considered to be similar to nondeterminism and pure concurrency in the sense of the succinctness of automata augment...

The retrosplenial cortex is seen as a convergence point for different classes of spatial cue, yet aside from allocentric processing, little is known about other cue types that depend on the integrity of this area. Rats with bilateral retrosplenial cortex lesions were, therefore, trained on a sequence of reinforced spatial alternation tasks designed to isolate different spatial strategies. Using...

Perceptual rivalry, which implies binocular rivalry and ambiguous figure perception, is characterized by perceptual alternation between two stable interpretations of an unchanging stimulus. It is well known that the time intervals of alternation follow a gamma distribution (GD) commonly in various kinds of perceptual rivalry. A critical question is whether the GD reflects some general mechanism...

Binary information is prevalent in the environment. In this study, we examined how people process repetition and alternation in binary sequences. Across four paradigms involving estimation, working memory, change detection, and visual search, we found that the number of alternations is under-estimated compared to repetitions (Experiment 1). Moreover, recall for binary sequences deteriorates as ...