Ionospheric tomography using GPS data has been reported in the literature and even the application to radar altimeter calibration was succesfully carried out in a recent work ( [1]). We here present a new software tool, called Global Ionospheric Stochastic Tomography software (GIST), and its powerful capability for ingesting GPS data from different sources (ground stations, receivers on board L...

[1] It has been shown previously that measurements of tides on Jupiter’s moon Europa can be used to determine whether there is a liquid ocean beneath this moon’s icy outer shell. In this paper we examine the further possibility of constraining the thickness of the icy shell in the case where a liquid ocean exists, by combining measurements of tidal gravity obtained from tracking an orbiting spa...

A flying aircraft disturbs the local atmosphere through which it flies creating a turbulent vortex at each wing tip known as a wake vortex. These vortices can persist for several minutes and endanger other aircraft traversing that turbulent airspace; large vortices are essentially invisible horizontal tornadoes and are a grave threat to smaller aircraft, especially during landing and take off. ...

Abstract With its increasing record length and subsequent reduction in influence of shorter-term variability on measured trends, satellite altimeter measurements sea level provide an opportunity to assess near-term rise. Here, we use gridded created from the network altimeters tandem with tide gauge observations produce observation-based trajectories rise along coastlines United States now unti...

The Gaofen-7 (GF-7) satellite system adds a footprint camera that shares the same optical path as its laser altimeter to ensure consistent spatial referencing between point and obtained images. However, this introduces additional errors two different loads while ensuring geometric relations of camera. First, accuracy error analyses are carried out based on working mode GF-7 in study. A rigorous...

The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA), developed for the 2009 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) mission, is designed to measure the Moon's topography via laser ranging. A description of the LOLA optical system and its measured optical performance during instrument-level and spacecraft-level integration and testing are presented.

Industrial districts became important instruments which are used by the Public Power to induce economic decentralization and create new development poles. For this reason the legislative process is an indispensable means to define the priorities in the uses of soil, also to conduct and follow the process of industrial registration. However, the industrial district establishment shall not be ana...