Drug combinations for the treatment of leishmaniasis represent a promising and challenging chemotherapeutic strategy that has recently been implemented in different endemic areas. However, the vast majority of studies undertaken to date have ignored the potential risk that Leishmania parasites could develop resistance to the different drugs used in such combinations. As a result, this study was...

Background: The adverse effects and increased resistance of drugs necessities the discovery novel combination therapy. Objectives: This study aimed to examine Artemisinin plus glucantime or shark cartilage extract on Iranian strain Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER) in vitro vivo. Methods: In experiments, their different concentrations (3.12 - 400 µg/mL) promastigotes, amastigotes, un-infected ma...

Intracellular infection and multi-organ colonization by the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, underlie the complex etiology of human Chagas disease. While T. cruzi can establish cytosolic residence in a broad range of mammalian cell types, the molecular mechanisms governing this process remain poorly understood. Despite the anticipated capacity for fatty acid synthesis in this parasite, re...

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been described as a network of extracellular fibers composed by DNA, histones and various proteins/enzymes. Studies have demonstrated that NETs could be responsible for the trapping and elimination of a variety of infectious agents. In order to verify the presence of NETs in American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and their relationship with the prese...

The host-parasite relationship in human visceral leishmaniasis remains poorly understood. In the present study, pathophysiological and immunological changes were examined in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania donovani. These animals developed chronic infection with massive hepatosplenomegaly and hypergammaglobulinemia. In contrast to mice inoculated with 0.8 X 10(6) or 4 X 10(6) amastigotes, ...

There are many strategies to control leishmaniasis, but majority of them are inadequate. Killed Leishmania vaccine (KLV) has been applied for its immunogenicity in human and mouse model. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) as adjuvant is an immune-modulator inducing humoral and cellular immune responses during zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL). Both KLV and BCG have been applied for their immun...

background: cutaneous leishmaniasis is an important health problem caused by leishmania spp . as there is no vaccine, drug treatment is the only way to tackle leishmaniasis. in the present study, inhibitory and kill­ing effects of peganum harmala and alkana tinctoria extracts on amastigotes and promastigotes forms of leishmania were evaluated in-vitro. methods: the seeds of peganum harmala, ste...

OBJECTIVES This study was executed to investigate the efficacy of oral therapy and preliminary leishmanicidal mechanism of sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor widely used for the management of depression, against Leishmania donovani, a causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). METHODS The effect of the drug was determined for: (i) direct promastigote killing by inhibiti...