This article reviews the current evidence on amniotic fluid embolism (AFE), focusing on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. AFE is a rare and life-threatening obstetric condition, occurring in 2 to 8 per 100 000 births. With a mortality of 0.5 to 1.7 deaths per 100,000 deliveries in the developed world and 1.9 to 5.9 deaths per 100,000 deliveries in the d...

PURPOSE Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a well-known complication of an amniotic fluid embolus. However, clinical experience has shown that, in some patients, clinical hemorrhage may be the initial presentation. Mortality in this subset of patients is high. This report describes a patient with a suspected amniotic fluid embolus who survived and in whom the initial presentation w...

INTRODUCTION Peripartum hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of maternal death worldwide (25%). METHODS Selective literature review, including international guidelines, for assessment of the causes and optimal management of this condition. RESULTS The major causes of hemorrhage are uterine atony, placenta previa, and abruptio placentae. The diagnosis of hemorrhage is suspected from its c...

Introduction: meconium is the thick, Green - Black, with a bad odor material,  that founded around the third month of pregnancy in the intestines of fetus. 8 to 15 percent of infants has the evidence of meconium stained fluid at birth. In this study the factors affecting maternal and neonatal meconium-stained amniotic fluid be examined. Methods: This study was done in the Vali-e- asr hospital ...

OBJECTIVE To clarify the problems related to maternal deaths in Japan, including the diseases themselves, causes, treatments and the hospital or regional systems. DESIGN Descriptive study. SETTING Maternal death registration system established by the Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (JAOG). PARTICIPANTS Women who died during pregnancy or within a year after delivery, f...

We report two cases of postpartum intractable bleeding with coagulopathy. Case 1: A 34-year-old low-risk woman at 39 weeks of gestation was admitted to our hospital. After an uneventful vaginal delivery, placenta separation failed. Ultrasonography revealed absence of placental lacunae suggesting a retained placenta with a lower possibility of placenta accreta. Manual separation was then attempt...

Vascular air embolism (VAE) is a rare, but potentially fatal complication of invasive medical or surgical procedures. It is a very rare complication of bronchoscopy and is most frequently reported with therapeutic bronchoscopy with Argon plasma coagulation (APC) or neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd-YAG) laser. Despite being rare, as a result of its high chance of mortality and morbidi...

Following the first case of a systemic air embolism due to percutaneous CT-guided lung biopsy in our clinic we analysed the literature regarding this matter in view of influenceable or avoidable risk factors. A systematic review of literature reporting cases of systemic air embolism due to CT-guided lung biopsy was performed to find out whether prone positioning might be a risk factor regarding...

Background: Cadmium is an extremely toxic metal with ubiquitous environmental distribution. Cadmium is a potent reproductive and developmental toxic agent, and intensive environmental exposure to this substance has been reported among the residents of Tehran. In this study, we investigated the correlation between amniotic fluid cadmium levels and the risk of preeclampsia, prematurity and low bi...