In cat retina, rod bipolar terminials do not synapse on ganglion cells but on two types of amacrine cell (types I and II). Cone bipolars synapse directly on ganglion cells and on type I amacrines. The type II amacrine appears to play a special internuncial role between bipolars and ganglion cells in the rod system.

Selectively targeting the cancer cells by reactivating cell killing function of p53 protein - IJPCA- Print ISSN No: 2394-2789 Online No:- 2394-2797 Article DOI 10.18231/j.ijpca.2022.010, International Journal Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis-Int J Pharm Chem Anal

Recent work suggests that mammalian retinal ganglion cells may become more like developing ganglion cells in form while regenerating through a peripheral nerve graft. We have injected Lucifer Yellow into regenerating ganglion cells of goldfish to look for similar changes. Within three weeks of injury, we saw dye-coupling to nearby cells, which is a common developmental feature in many species. ...

BACKGROUND In the recent years, dramatic increases in HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) have been observed in China. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection related anal cancer is more common among HIV-infected MSM as compared to the general population. However, HPV infection and anal cytology has been rarely studied in HIV-infected MSM in China. METHODS HIV-infected MSM in ...

Epiretinal prostheses for treating blindness activate axon bundles, causing large, arc-shaped visual percepts that limit the quality of artificial vision. Improving the function of epiretinal prostheses therefore requires understanding and avoiding axon bundle activation. This study introduces a method to detect axon bundle activation on the basis of its electrical signature and uses the method...

31 32 Retinal implants are intended to help patients with degenerative conditions by electrically 33 stimulating surviving cells to produce artificial vision. However, little is known about how 34 individual retinal ganglion cells respond to direct electrical stimulation in degenerating retina. 35 Here we used a transgenic rat model to characterize ganglion cell responses to light and 36 electr...

Antisera directed against hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-sensitive (HCN) channels bind to somata in the ganglion cell layer of rat and rabbit retinas, and mRNA for different HCN channel isoforms has been detected in the ganglion cell layer of mouse retina. However, previous studies neither provided evidence that any of the somata are ganglion cells (as opposed to displaced amacr...

The visual system continually adjusts its sensitivity, or 'adapts', to the conditions of the immediate environment. Adaptation increases responses when input signals are weak, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and decreases responses when input signals are strong, to prevent response saturation. Retinal ganglion cells adapt primarily to two properties of light input: the mean intensity and ...

To understand the transmission of sensory signals in visual pathways we studied the morphology and central projection of ganglion cell populations in marmoset monkeys. Retinal ganglion cells were labeled by photofilling following injections of retrograde tracer in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), or by intracellular injection with neurobiotin. Ganglion cell morphology was analyzed using hi...

The role of action potentials in the development of proper synaptic connections in the mammalian CNS was studied in the kitten retinogeniculate pathway. Our basic finding is that there is improper segregation of retinal inputs onto LGN cells after prolonged retinal action-potential blockade. Retinal ganglion cell firing was silenced from birth by repeated monocular injections of TTX. The result...