High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an ubiquitous protein that plays different roles in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and extracellular space. It is an important DAMP molecule that allows communication between damaged or tumor cells and the immune system. Tumor cells exploit HMGB1's ability to activate intracellular pathways that lead to cell growth and migration. Papillary thyroid cancer is a well-...

BACKGROUND A decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase mRNA, an antioxidant enzyme, was previously observed in thyroid anaplastic carcinomas. METHODS To clarify the expression of antioxidant-related enzymes in thyroid anaplastic carcinomas, the expression levels of catalase, copper and zinc superoxide dismutase and manganese superoxide dismutase mRNA in 85 benign and malignant thyroid ti...

A 61-year-old man, who was diagnosed with superior vena cava syndrome by papillary thyroid carcinoma, was referred to our hospital. A bulky thyroid tumor with tracheal invasion extended from the left neck to the right atrium without distant metastases. The risk of sudden death due to airway occlusion, tumor embolism or obstruction of the tricuspid valve led us to elect surgery. Extended resecti...

Differentiated thyroid cancer comprises papillary, mixed papillary-follicular and follicular adenocarcinomas. They are mostly hormone-sensitive and respond to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression. The standard treatment is total thyroidectomy, (131)I therapy and thyroid hormone suppression therapy. Adjuvant external radiotherapy is discussed controversially. Most authors recommend adju...

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a significantly fatal endocrine neoplasm, with an average survival time of 4-12 months following diagnosis. The present study reports the case of a 57-year-old male patient who presented to the Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital (Istanbul, Turkey) due to swelling in the neck and difficulty swallowing. The jugular mass biopsy results were consistent with a di...

BACKGROUND The aberrant activation of Wnt signalling pathway may be a common denominator for the development of thyroid tumorigenesis. It was announced that the loss of E-cadherin rather than β-catenin mutation represents a crucial event in determining the degree of differentiation of thyroid carcinomas. AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in th...