The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway is a critical regulator of cell growth, migration, and differentiation. Growth factor activation of MAP kinase in NIH 3T3 cells is strongly dependent upon integrin-mediated adhesion, an effect that contributes to the anchorage dependence of normal cell growth. We now show that expression of constructs that constitutively activate focal adhesion...

In severely protrusive patients, skeletal anchorage from miniscrew is often used to avoid anchorage loss with preferred miniscrew location near centre of resistance (Cres) of posterior teeth. Biomechanical requirement for directing retraction force towards Cres of posterior teeth demands the insertion of miniscrew in loose mucosa, where risk of infection and failure increases. In addition, unde...

dontic tooth movement and orthopedic jaw movement?” With this question in 1983, Creekmore and Eklund were the first orthodontists to suggest in print that a small metal screw could withstand a constant force of sufficient magnitude and duration to reposition an entire anterior maxillary dentition without becoming loose, painful, infected, or pathologic.1 Their case opened an entirely new area f...

To achieve the efficient, rapid construction of prestressed anchor cables, in this study, through an indoor pull-out test and field basic test, we investigated mechanical behavior, expansion, drawing performance bond properties a new type high-strength, fast anchorage agent. We analyzed influence water material ratio curing time on its determined corresponding construction. It was found that an...

Article shows shear tests results for anchorage using bent foundation bolts 16, 24 and 36 mm in diameter torque-controlled undercut anchors 12, 16 20 diameter. Load-displacement diagrams were acquired loads static dynamic cyclic uncracked cracked concrete. Cyclic loading pattern simulated seismic on anchors. Shear allowed to estimate influence of cracks strength ductility anchorage.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this retrospective study is to investigate the dentoalveolar and skeletal effects of two distalizing protocols featuring different anchorage systems used in patients with class II malocclusion: the MGBM system (skeletal anchorage) and Pendulum (intraoral anchorage). METHODS The sample comprised 57 patients who were assigned to one of the two treatments: the MGBM grou...


 The stability of gravity anchorages is critical to the safe operation suspension bridges. purpose this paper study a anchorage under tension main cables. Large-scale load tests and direct shear nature state saturated were carried out in adit at bottom anchorage, because surface below design water level reservoir be built. Representative rock samples area selected for indoor tests. basic ...