since the collapse of the soviet :union: and the declaration of independence by azerbaijan, tehran-baku relations have been generally moving in the right direction with occasional ups and downs over the past two decades. factors such as cultural and historical communalities and the potential for economic cooperation have acted as impetus for the expansion of relations between the two neighbors....

New records on 32 species of the genus Hylaeus Fabricius, 1793 (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) from Caucasus region are presented. alievi Dathe & Proshchalykin, sp. nov. is described Azerbaijan. Eight newly recorded Caucasus: araxanus (Warncke, 1981), H. excelsus (Alfken, 1936), intermedius Förster, 1871, iranicus Dathe, 1980, kotschisus oblitus 1972), soror (Pérez, 1903), and trifidus 1936)....

historical role of azerbaijan in developing of intellectual thought and revolutionary ideas before the constitutional revolution of iran (1905-1906) is certain. resistance of the people of tabriz, in the blockade of tabriz accompanied with the concrete of tehran by constitutionalists, which were from turk and shomali ethnics lead by bakhtiari lurs. thinking the constitutional revolution, this q...

Two sibling species, Metellina orientalis (Spassky, 1932) and M. kirgisica (Bakhvalov, 1974), occurring in the Middle East and Central Asia are redescribed and their distributions mapped. The previously unknown male of M. kirgisica is described for the first time. Stridulatory files on male chelicera of Metellina are also documented for the first time. The occurrence of M. kirgisica in Azerbaij...

The Nagorno-Karabakh war is an ethnic, religious, and territorial conflict between Armenia Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Artsakh, Armenian enclave situated within Azerbaijan. modern began in 1988 when Armenians demanded that Artsakh be transferred from Soviet to Armenia. dispute escalated into a full-scale early 1990s. A ceasefire signed 1994 provided for two decades relative stability...