Pairs of Au nanoparticles have recently been proposed as "plasmon rulers" based on the dependence of their light scattering on the interparticle distance. Preliminary work has suggested that plasmon rulers can be used to measure and monitor dynamic distance changes over the 1- to 100-nm length scale in biology. Here, we substantiate that plasmon rulers can be used to measure dynamical biophysic...

A series of P-site probes, chlorambucilyl-(Pro)n-Phe-tRNAPhe, were prepared and reacted with poly(U)-directed Escherichia coli MRE 600 ribosomes. Upon binding of the probes to ribosomes, 90% of the cpm bound were not released following subsequent interaction with puromycin. In the absence of poly(U) or in the presence of poly(C), binding was limited to the amount of cpm bound if ribosomes were ...

Impressive images of a ferocious deity holding cleaver and skullcup emerged in precolonial Sumatra. The is depicted with female partner on the sword Mandākinī, as monumental statue found at Dharmāśraya Sumatran highlands. These are often said to represent (the Śivaite) Bhairava king Ādityavarman (c. 1294–1374), but they have overt marks Buddhist affiliation. It shown here that Vajramahākāla, de...

The main objective of this study is to counterpart numerical model and experimental studies for rotating flows associated with dough kneading, and validate the flow patterns generated. The flows considered are in a complex domain setting. Two types of cylindrical vessels are studied at various rotational speeds; one with one stirrer and a second with two. Laser Doppler Anemometry is used to obt...

The Golomb Ruler Problem asks to position n integer marks on a ruler such that all pairwise distances between the marks are distinct and the ruler has minimum total length. It is a very challenging combinatorial problem, and provably optimal rulers are only known for n up to 26. Lower bounds can be obtained using Linear Programming formulations, but these are computationally expensive for large...