Anemia of inflammation (AI), also known as anemia of chronic inflammation or anemia of chronic disease was described over 50 years ago as anemia in association with clinically overt inflammatory disease, and the findings of low plasma iron, decreased bone marrow sideroblasts and increased reticuloendothelial iron. Pathogenic features underlying AI include a mild shortening of red cell survival,...

The serum levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and erythropoietin (Ep) were measured in 16 patients with iron-deficiency anemia and 15 patients with the anemia of chronic disease. Levels of both CSF and Ep in the serum of patients with iron-deficiency anemia had an inverse linear relationship to the level of the packed cell volume (PCV). There was no correlation between PCV and...

The prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Indonesia 2013-2018 has increased from 0.2% to 0.38%. Patients with CKD have low erythropoietin, so that the production erythrocytes is disrupted and causes anemia. Anemia includes type normocytic-normochromic. Hypochromic occurs because iron reserves cannot be used process erythropoiesis, resulting decreased synthesis hemoglobin. Erythrocytes w...

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) will cause anemia which can lead to death. CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy also experience anemia. Therefore, it is necessary check the erythrocyte index consisting of Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Hemoglobin (MCH), and Concentration (MCHC) determine type so that appropriate be given. Objectives: To determined description in at H. Adam Malik General Ho...

Anemia and metabolic bone disease accompany chronic kidney disease (CKD), and worsen as CKD progresses. It is likely that both processes contribute to the increased morbidity and mortality seen in CKD. This paper briefly reviews the pathogenesis and diagnosis of anemia and bone disease in CKD, and summarizes recent consensus guidelines for treatment.