background: iran is a land of great heritage of ancient medical scholars. herbal medicines, as a basement of treatment of diseases have been clearly described in the medical texts of these scholars including rhazes, avicenna, and others. numerous plants are introduced in these texts to treat those diseases likely to be infective ones. few attempts have been made to evaluate ethnopharmacological...

context to provide an updated review of published literature on the anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of honey. evidence acquisition cinahl, biomed central, cochrane library, medline and embase data bases and reference lists were used to find randomized controlled trials and review articles. randomized controlled trials using honey with a comparator were reviewed, al...

conclusions end stage renal disease (esrd) have accelerated inflammatory conditions. simvastatin clearly lowers the serum levels of crp and il-6, and the white blood cell count in dialysis patients. administering simvastatin to dialysis patients is safe. results at baseline, each of treatment and control groups had similar characteristics. during the study, the average level of crp decreased in...

Direct culture on Lowenstein-Jensen slopes and on three media made selective for tubercle bacilli by the addition of four antibacterial agents was compared with guinea-pig inoculation on 490 tissue specimens. Tubercle bacilli were obtained from 15 specimens by culture and 14 by guinea-pig inoculation; only one specimen was positive by guinea-pig and not by culture. The most efficient culture me...

The binding of sinafloxacin to DNA has been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The variations in the spectroscopic characteristics of sinafloxacin upon addition of DNA were observed. Salt concentration effect, KI quenching, fluorescence polarization, DNA denaturation experiments, melting temperature (T(m)) curves and viscosity measurements were studied to i...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious threat to humans. Most existing antimicrobial drugs, including the β-lactam and quinoxiline classes, are not effective against MRSA. In this study, we synthesized 24 derivatives of malonamide, a new class of antibacterial agents and potentiators of classic antimicrobials. A derivative that increases bacterial killing and biofilm er...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have described drug shortages; however, there has been no comprehensive evaluation focusing on US antibacterial shortages. METHODS Drug shortage data from the University of Utah Drug Information Service database were analyzed, with a focus on antibacterial agents from 2001 to 2013. We used descriptive statistics to describe trends in drug shortages, analyze drug cl...

Use of groundwater from private wells in households has increased considerably, owing to a better cost/benefit ratio than that of water provided by local utilities for a fee. However, this water is usually untreated, which makes it a vehicle for diseases. Thus, monitoring this water is necessary to ensure its integrity and quality. We aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical, and microbiologica...

The availability of a silkworm larva infection model to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of antibiotics was examined. The 50% effective doses (ED50) of D-cycloserine against the Staphylococcus aureus ddlA mutant-mediated killing of larvae were remarkably lower than those against the parental strain-mediated killing of larvae. Changes in MICs and ED50 of other antibiotics were negligible, ...

Quaternized polymers mimicking the antimicrobial peptides were created by tuning the side-chain amphiphilicity using a first-time approach of post-functionalization. They displayed excellent efficacy against pathogenic bacteria even in human plasma and membrane disruptive mode of action. The optimized polymers and degraded products were non-hemolytic.