Objective: To identify the Methicillin Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (MRCONS) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from clinical specimens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Methodology: All strains were recovered from clinical specimens according to 0.5 McFarland standard inoculated on Muller Hinton agar. Antibacterial susceptibility was tested by d...

Despite the benefits of resistance, susceptibility to infectious disease is commonplace. Although specific susceptibility may be considered an inevitable consequence of the co-evolutionary arms race between parasite and host, a more general constraint may arise from the cost of an immune response. This "cost" hypothesis predicts a tradeoff between immune defense and other components of fitness....

The increasing problems with multidrug resistance in relation to Corynebacterium, including C. diphtheriae, are examples of challenges confronting many countries. For this reason, Brazilian C. diphtheriae strains were evaluated by the E-Test for their susceptibility to nine antibacterial drugs used in therapy. Resistance (MIC < 0.002; 0.38 microg/ml) to penicillin G was found in 14.8% of the st...

The bactericidal activity of levofloxacin was compared with that of four other quinolones and one cephalosporin against four strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae with varying degrees of penicillin G susceptibility. Levofloxacin was found to be the most bactericidal quinolone at its optimum bactericidal concentration, followed by ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin and D-ofloxacin, in that ord...

Background and Objectives Arginine-rich peptides are an important class of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that exert their antibacterial activity via a lytic mechanism. Although the antibacterial activity of arginine-rich peptides has been already evaluated, no reports have so far been evaluated the influence of reaction conditions on their antimicrobial potential. The aim of the present study w...

As with other animal species, one of the most important challenges encountered in race horse breeding is performance and economic losses caused by infectious diseases. Antibiotics are common drugs used for protection against Recently occurrence antibiotic resistance, serious complications have emerged terms human health. For this reason, to determine resistance bacteria, many research studies b...

In in vitro susceptibility tests, the new penem CP-70,429 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Xanthomonas maltophilia. CP-70,429 was stable to various types of beta-lactamases except for the enzyme from X. maltophilia and was 16- to 128-fold more active than the other compounds against beta-lactamase-producing s...

The impact of different types of enzymatic resistance on the in vivo antibacterial activity of aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, and netilmicin) was studied in the rabbit endocarditis model with four strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Animals were treated in a manner simulating the administration of a single daily human dose. Amikacin had no effect on the three kanamycin-resistant strains d...

Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics describe the relationship between drug exposure and treatment outcome. Pharmacodynamic studies provide information useful for dose level and dosing interval selection and for the development of in vitro susceptibility guidelines. Pharmacodynamic observations from animal model studies have proven useful for outcome predictions in the treatment of human infections. ...

Introduction: Vaginitis is an inflammatory and infectious disease in human host that involved vaginal mucosa. Increase of resistance to various antibacterial agent has been very significant in three or four recent decades and this important subject reveals the use of new and natural sources such as plants with medical and antimicrobial property for eradication of these infections. Therefore, th...