molds are one of the most important causes of food spoilage that produce toxic substances called mycotoxins, which endanger the consumer health. the adverse effects of synthetic food preservatives consumption made researches to focus on application of natural preservatives in order to increase shelf life of food as well as prevention of harmful effects of chemical preservatives. the present stu...

Amphotericin B potentiates the antifungal effects of 5-fluorocytosine and rifampicin, probably by increasing the penetration of these agents through the fungal cytoplasmic membrane.

The activities of a series of camptothecin and nitidine derivatives that might interact with topoisomerase I were compared against yeast and cancer cell lines. Our findings reveal that structural modifications to camptothecin derivatives have profound effects on the topoisomerase I-drug poison complex in cells. Although the water-soluble anticancer agents topotecan and irinotecan are less activ...

results the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of ginger extract for evaluated strains were 40, 40, 20, 20, 20, 20, 10, and 5 mg/ml for pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, bacillus cereus, acinetobacter baumannii, c. albicans, and c. krusei, respectively. ginger extract successfully inhibited biofilm formation by a. baumannii, b. cereus,...

Cryptococcal meningitis is the leading cause of adult meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa, and contributes up to 20% of AIDS-related mortality in low-income and middle-income countries every year. Antifungal treatment for cryptococcal meningitis relies on three old, off-patent antifungal drugs: amphotericin B deoxycholate, flucytosine, and fluconazole. Widely accepted treatment guidelines recommen...

The stability of the antifungal activity of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) protein extract was evaluated in this study. Response surface methodology (RSM) using Box-Behnken factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of treatment variables, that is, temperature (50 to 90 degrees C), time (1 to 29 min), and pH (2 to 8), on the residual antifungal activity (RAA) against Penicillium chrysoge...

Antifungal drugs are the most common systemic drugs used for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis, which is the first symptom of HIV infection. However, the efficacy and bioavailability of these drugs have been limited by their poor aqueous solubility and dissolution rate. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different preparation methods (i.e. kneading, coeva...

The yeast-to-hypha transition plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of C. albicans. Farnesol, a quorum sensing molecule (QSM) secreted by the fungal itself, could prevent the formation of hyphae and subsequently lead to the defect of biofilm formation. The DPP3, encoding phosphatase, is a key gene in regulating farnesol synthesis. In this study, we screened 24 bisbibenzyls and 2 bibenzyls th...

Terbinafine is a recommended therapeutic alternative for patients with sporotrichosis who cannot use itraconazole due to drug interactions or side effects. Melanins are involved in resistance to antifungal drugs and Sporothrix species produce three different types of melanin. Therefore, in this study we evaluated whether Sporothrix melanins impact the efficacy of antifungal drugs. Minimal inhib...

Adverse cardiac effects are a known, albeit infrequent, complication of azole antifungal drug therapy. Most often, cardiotoxicity is the result of drug–drug interactions due to azole inhibition of CYP3A4, but also of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9, leading to increased serum levels of concomitantly administered medications that require hepatic metabolism. Adverse interactions of azole antifungal drugs with...