800x600 hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is the main cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). several factors such as serum hbv dna level, genotype and specific viral mutations have been clarified to determine disease progression of chronic hepatitis b. among these, mutations can also occur in chronic hbv patients with antiviral treatment such as lamivudine the...

The cardiovascular disease myocarditis is characterized by inflammation and necrosis of cardiac muscle. This disease has been associated with various viral etiologies, including cytomegalovirus (CMV). Murine CMV (MCMV) infection of adult BALB/c mice produces a disease with acute and chronic phases similar to that found in humans. In our murine model, we have investigated the therapeutic efficac...

Most antiviral treatment options target the invading pathogen and unavoidably encounter loss of efficacy as the pathogen mutates to overcome replication restrictions. A good strategy for circumventing drug resistance, or for pathogens without treatment options, is to target host cell proteins that are utilized by viruses during infection. The small molecule WP1130 is a selective deubiquitinase ...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and pathogenic coronavirus that emerged in late 2019 and has caused a pandemic of acute respiratory disease, named ‘coronavirus disease 2019’ (COVID-19), which threatens human health and public safety.Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an anti-malaria drug; its antiviral properties are controversial,and some in vitr...

results patients who attained sustained virological response had a less risk (85%) for all-cause mortality and about 63% reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma incidence than those who did not achieve sustained virological response. based on deeply analysis, the stage of liver fibrosis was a risk factor at baseline for the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. conclusions sustained virologic...

BACKGROUND The current 3rd edition of the Italian Society of Nephrology guidelines has been drawn up to summarize evidence of key intervention issues on the basis of systematic reviews (SR) of randomized trials (RCT) or RCT data only. In the present guideline, evidence of antiviral prophylaxis and pre-emptive treatment for preventing cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in kidney transplant recipien...

Influenza pandemics and seasonal outbreaks have shown the potential of Influenza A virus (IAV) to enhance susceptibility to a secondary infection with the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp). The high morbidity and mortality rate revealed the poor efficacy of antiviral drugs and vaccines to fight IAV infections. Currently, the most effective treatment for IAV is by antiviral neuram...

Background. Diagnosing influenza in the emergency department (ED) remains a challenge because clinicians have not had, until recently, reliable tests to accurately and rapidly diagnose influenza; however, rapid diagnosis is crucial to begin antiviral therapy in patients with, or at risk of influenza-related complications, as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A...

Since years ago, phytopharmaceutical drugs have been used by various societies, as a traditional treatment. Echinacea purpurea (Asteraceae) is the best known of the dozen or so species of the genus Echinacea, a group of perennial prairie wildflowers native to the central grasslands of North American. E. purpurea is cultivated widely throughout the United states, Canada and Europe, although it h...

BACKGROUND Interferon (IFN) therapy can cause significant side effects in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients; however, the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of antiviral-treated CHC patients has not been established in Taiwan. This study evaluated domains and the degree to which antiviral treatment affects the HRQOL in CHC patients and identifies factors associated with variations between ...