نتایج جستجو برای: apobec3
تعداد نتایج: 501 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Over 40% of the human genome is recognizable as having been derived from ancient retroelements, transported by an intracellular copy-and-paste process involving an RNA intermediate, with an additional few percent classified as DNA transposable elements. Endogenous retroviruses are long terminal repeat (LTR)-type retroelements that account for ~8% of human genomic DNA. Non-LTR members are presen...
APOBEC3 proteins: major players in intracellular defence against LINE-1-mediated retrotransposition.
Mammalian genomes are littered with enormous numbers of transposable elements interspersed within and between single-copy endogenous genes. The only presently spreading class of human transposable elements comprises non-LTR (long terminal repeat) retrotransposons, which cover approx. 34% of the human genome. Non-LTR retrotransposons include the widespread autonomous LINEs (long interspersed nuc...
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified multiple genetic susceptibility loci for breast cancer. However, these loci explain only a small fraction of the heritability. Very few studies have evaluated copy number variation (CNV), another important source of human genetic variation, in relation to breast cancer risk. METHODS We conducted a CNV GWAS in 2623 breast cance...
The APOBEC3 (A3) family of proteins are DNA cytidine deaminases that act as sentinels in the innate immune response against retroviral infections and are responsive to IFN. Recently, a few A3 genes were identified as potent enzymatic sources of mutations in several human cancers. Using human cancer cells and lymphocytes, we show that under stress conditions and immune challenges, all A3 genes a...
As the primary effector of immunoglobulin somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR), activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) serves an important function in the adaptive immune response. Recent advances have demonstrated that AID and a group of closely related cytidine deaminases, the APOBEC3 proteins, also act in the innate host response to viral infection. Antiviral...
Members of the human APOBEC3 family of editing enzymes can inhibit various mobile genetic elements. APOBEC3A (A3A) can block the retrotransposon LINE-1 and the parvovirus adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV-2) but does not inhibit retroviruses. In contrast, APOBEC3G (A3G) can block retroviruses but has only limited effects on AAV-2 or LINE-1. What dictates this differential target specificity re...
Human cells harbor a variety of factors that function to block the proliferation of foreign nucleic acid. The APOBEC3G enzyme inhibits the replication of retroviruses by deaminating nascent retroviral cDNA cytosines to uracils, lesions that can result in lethal levels of hypermutation. Here, we demonstrate that APOBEC3G is capable of deaminating genomic cytosines in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. AP...
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