Typical approaches to design patterns present them in the catalog form. For undergraduate students this abstract description of the pattern makes it even more difficult to understand its purpose and need. In this paper we describe a tool used at a university course to enable the students to learn architectural patterns by looking at code. The tool presented in this paper shows the solution to a...

In the development of groupware systems a well designed communications infrastructure is required, due to the high complexity of the communication scenario. Also, the design and implementation of coordination and collaboration mechanisms depends on the communications infrastructure. Actually there are no well known guidelines to design this infrastructure. Therefore, this paper proposes an arch...

TRADITIONALLY, SOFTWARE architects were entrusted with making “decisions that are costly to change.”1 Because these decisions often had to be made early in the project, architects drew on their experience and ability to abstract to get them right. Repeated project cost and timeline overruns have demonstrated, though, that trying to plan all features and decide the system structure early in a pr...

In this paper we introduce a content-oriented scheme for protocol studies of designers and demonstrate its benefit for CAAD research. The structure of the coding scheme is described. We discuss how this method can benefit CAAD research and its differences from the process-oriented method used previously. With this method we analyze data to describe the design process as the combination of senso...

Virtual architectural (indoor) scenes are often modeled in 3D for various types of simulation systems. For instance, some authors propose methods dedicated to lighting, heat transfer, acoustic or radiowave propagation simulations. These methods rely in most cases on a volumetric representation of the environment, with adjacency and incidence relationships. Unfortunately, many buildings data are...

Service businesses have developed into an important economic force. Provision of various quality service products to more demanding customers is the key for organizations to retain a competitive advantage. Design is important for making such intangible products “visible” and manageable, and is considered as the key to service quality. A good understanding of the architectural aspects and a desi...

banjarmasin is known as a tidal waterfront city and it is called city of a thousand rivers. thecity level was approximately -16 cm below the sea level and almost a swamp-land. the urbanization and the citydevelopment programs have changed the city’s physical and spatial plan from a wetland to a mainland structure. theissues of the city's transformation have changed the city structure from ...

Work on program concept recognition 16, 17, 18] has also innuenced our approach, mainly as regards viewing the sections of code implementing architectural features as clich es. However, our approach differs from the usual one adopted in standard clich e matching. In fact, not all of our recognizers are driven by statement level clich es but some exploit other information , at higher levels of a...

Work on program concept recognition 16, 17, 18] has also innuenced our approach, mainly as regards viewing the sections of code implementing architectural features as clich es. However, our approach differs from the usual one adopted in standard clich e matching. In fact, not all of our recognizers are driven by statement level clich es but some exploit other information , at higher levels of a...

Experimental evidence indicates that shallow bag-of-words models outperform complex deep networks on many unsupervised similarity tasks. Introducing the concept of an optimal representation space, we provide a simple theoretical resolution to this apparent paradox. In addition, we present a straightforward procedure that, without any retraining or architectural modifications, allows deep recurr...