This mini review is focused on the emerging nexus between the medical device and pharmaceutical industries toward the treatment of damaged articular cartilage. The physical rationale of hyaluronic acid and phospholipid preparations as tribological surgical adjuvants for repaired articular cartilage surfaces is explored, with directions for possible new research which have arisen due to the ther...

Critical to the success of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the anatomical alignment. This may appear as a challenge in an extra-articular deformity (EAD) that may be inherent in certain people or result from fracture malunion, congenital disorders, nutritional, metabolic and infective causes. This appraisal aimed at providing the reader with an up-todate overview of the research carried out ...

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the conventional method for determining the percentage of partial thickness rotator cuff tears to a method using an intra-articular depth guide. The clinical utility of the intra-articular depth guide was also examined. Methods. Partial rotator cuff tears were created in cadaveric shoulders. Exposed footprint, total tendon thickn...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive potential imaging method to diagnose the cartilage disorder. Degeneration of the articular cartilage has been recognized as the main cause of osteoarthritis (OA). Normally OA refers to the end-stage which is already incurable. Therefore, in this study, a noninvasive method is develop to characterize the grayscale of the MRI images for articular...

INTRODUCTION: Post-traumatic arthritis (PTA) is a frequent cause of disability and occurs most commonly and predictably after articular fracture [1-2]. Importantly, more severe fractures, characterized by greater displacement of the articular surface and greater degree of comminution, have a worse prognosis [3]. Thus energy of injury and subsequent intra-articular fracture severity may play a f...

Post Arthroscopic intra-articular analgesia is a better method to avoid post-operative pain after arthroscopic surgery, thus avoiding the adverse effects of systemic analgesics. In this prospective randomized double blind study conducted on 90 patients, 30 patients in group A received 20 ml of intra-articular saline, 30 patients in Group B received 10 ml of intra-articular saline and 10 ml of 0...

Current musculoskeletal imaging techniques usually target the macro-morphology of articular cartilage or use histological analysis. These techniques are able to reveal advanced osteoarthritic changes in articular cartilage but fail to give detailed information to distinguish early osteoarthritis from healthy cartilage, and this necessitates high-resolution imaging techniques measuring cells and...

Articular cartilage lesions that do not disrupt the integrity of subchondral bone are not capable of spontaneous repair. The asymptomatic nature of these lesions leads to articular cartilage degeneration and development of the osteoarthritic process. To avoid joint replacement surgery, several cellular therapies have been developed. These therapies focus on the regeneration of a new tissue, who...

The boundary lubrication function of articular cartilage is mediated in part by proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) molecules, found both in synovial fluid (SF) and bound to the articular cartilage surface. Currently the mechanism by which PRG4 binds to the articular surface is not well understood. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the effect of bathing fluid contents on PRG4 concentration a...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of diacerein on the histopathology of articular cartilage and subchondral bone of the femorotibial joint in rats. Osteoarthritis was induced in rats after single intra-articular injection of sodium iodoacetate. Rats were sacrificed 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks post intra-articular injection to evaluate the progression of histopathogenesis of os...