Abstract This paper analyzes and supports the claim that Vedic Sanskrit preserves traces of contrast between Indo-European labiovelars plain velars—a striking archaism in Indo-Iranian family, which otherwise collapsed two velar series. These labiovelar vestiges emerge because pervasive labialization syllabic consonantal rhotics at all attested stages family. Two rhotic environments are examined...

For years historians have discussed the attitude of Poles towards Jews during Holocaust. Tomasz Frydel’s article on survival strategies applied by German occupation in Dębica county is one contributions to this discussion. The authors present wanted draw reader’s attention somewhat simplified approach toward issue Polish -Jewish rela-tionships. first part a critical analysis accounts and testim...

A country controls and rules another by its social, political economical power as it is called colonization. This colonization activity has started from Aryan invasion on Dravidian people their culture. From 19th century many countries ruled Portuguese, Dutch, Roman countries. They explored slave. Later The slavery system tried to break chain got freedom way. Even though the colonized rued coun...

This study tries to explore how the practice of untouchability developed in ancient Indian Aryan society and over time entered Nepal gradually took root Nepali society. presents an argument based on historical facts that originated under some elites who had been powerful positions. The was mainly instituted by continue exercising their power subjugate powerless. As same, elite Aryans started mi...

This article explores the relationship between kinship institutions and sex ratios in India at the turn of the twentieth century. Because kinship rules vary by caste, language, religion, and region, we construct sex ratios by these categories at the district level by using data from the 1901 Census of India for Punjab (North), Bengal (East), and Madras (South). We find that the male-to-female s...

We present a compendium of 110 Statistical Machine Translation systems built from parallel corpora of 11 Indian languages belonging to the Indo-Aryan and Dravidian families. We analyze the relationship between translation accuracy and the language families involved. We feel that insights obtained from this analysis will provide guidelines for creating machine translation systems for specific In...

There is evidence that coronal contrasts involving retroflexes are less clearly distinguished after a high front vowel /i/ [2, 9]. However, no detailed acoustic studies have been conducted to investigate whether following front vowels affect the contrastiveness of dentals, retroflexes and palatals. We examined the acoustic characteristics of three Punjabi coronal onsets /t̪ ʈ tʃ/ produced before...

1. INTRODUCTION. In recent years, the term 'converb' has increasingly been used to describe constructions with cross-linguistically comparable forms and functions which include nonfinite verbal affixation, dependency on a finite verb, clause linking, and the sequencing of Asian converbs, differing primarily with respect to the potential for what Bickel refers to as 'narrative chaining': Asian c...

This paper demonstrates the question classification step towards building a question answering system in Bengali. Bengali is an eastern Indo-Aryan language with about 230 million total speakers and one of the most spoken languages in the world. An important first step in developing a question answering system is to classify natural language question properly. In this work, we have studied suita...