BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory condition of the pancreas. The symptoms, treatment, and prognosis of mild and severe AP are different, and severe AP is a potentially life-threatening disease with a high incidence of complications and high mortality rate. Thus, it is urgent to develop an effective approach to reliably discriminate between mild and severe AP. METHODS...

it has been shown that nitric oxide is synthesized in the central nervous system as well as in vascular endothelial cells. recently, it was reported that nitric oxide was involved in central cardiovascular regulation, baroreflex modulation, and involved in a reciprocal release with excitatory amino acids in the nucleus tractus solitarii of rats. the purpose of the present study was to investiga...

In this paper one generalizes the intuitionistic fuzzy logic (IFL) and other logics to neutrosophic logic (NL). The differences between IFL and NL (and the corresponding intuitionistic fuzzy set and neutrosophic set) are: a) Neutrosophic Logic can distinguish between absolute truth (truth in all possible worlds, according to Leibniz) and relative truth (truth in at least one world), because NL(...

Diagnosability is a key attribute of systems to enable the detection of failure events by partial observations. This paper addresses the diagnosability in concurrent probabilistic systems. Four different notions (L-, P-, A-, and AA-diagnosability) are characterised by formulas of a logic of knowledge, time and probability. Also, we investigate the computational complexities of verifying them: t...

and Applied Analysis 3 With respect to the pointwise order u ≤ v ⇐⇒ ( ∀x ∈ Ω : u (x) ≤ v (x) ) (11) the setNL(Ω) is a Dedekind complete lattice. In particular, the supremum and infimum of a setA ⊂ NL(Ω) is given by inf A = (I ∘ S) (φ) , (12) supA = (I ∘ S) (ψ) , (13) respectively, where φ : Ω ∋ x 󳨃→ inf{u(x) : u ∈ A} and ψ : Ω ∋ x 󳨃→ sup{u(x) : u ∈ A}. Furthermore, the lattice NL(Ω) is fully di...

An ideal way for people to query graph-based knowledge, including triplestores in the semantic web, would be for them to ask questions in a natural language (NL). However, existing NL query interfaces to graph-based data have limited expressive power and cannot accommodate arbitrarilynested quantification (i.e. phrases such as “a gangster who joined every gang”) together with multiple complex p...

Many factors may influence the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis. This capability may be differ with regard to media compositions, genotype, tissue, organ ontology and the stage of differentiation. The effects of five salicylic acid concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM) on different stages of carrot somatic embryogenesis were studied using petiole and root secondary phloem explants as sta...

Neurilemmoma (NL), also termed schwannoma, presents as a well-circumscribed and encapsulated mass in the human body and is almost always solitary. CT scan of a patient with NL shows a round, ovoid, or lobulated well-demarcated solid mass of soft tissue density. Primary intrathoracic neurogenic tumors location varies. However, the development of such tumors is by far more common in the costovert...