background: management of intracranial aneurysms has made debates about the best treatment modality in recent years. the aim of this study was to compare the interventional outcomes between two groups of patients, one treated with endovascular coiling and the other treated with surgical clipping. methods: this prospective study included 48 patients with intracranial aneurysms who underwent endo...

abstract background: application of a reliable and authentic behavioral tool for measuring patients’ pain, hospitalized in intensive care units who are not able to establish relationship, is needed severely. therefore, this study is conducted with the aim of validating critical care pain observation tool (cpot) in patients hospitalized in surgical wards. materials and methods: cpot was first tr...

background: new technologies using hazardous materials usually have certain risks. it is more serious when the technology is supposed to be applied in a large scale and become widely used by many people. the objective of this paper was to evaluate the risk of vapor cloud explosion in a hydrogen production process. methods: potential hazards were identified using the conventional hazard identifi...

a b s t r a c t there are three types of nerve fibers that are involved in the transmission of pain stimuli: c fibers (slower fibers) for thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli, a-delta fibers for thermal or mechanical stimuli and a-beta fibers for touch stimuli. clinically, this is crucial in making an accurate assessment of the pain level experienced by a suffering patient, in indicating th...

the aim of this paper is to present a modified version of gam (m-gam) which should showthat the results gained by using this version are more accurate and realistic. the modification is based on theinclusion of tourists and their opinion regarding the importance of indicators in the assessment process. theassessment was done by using both versions of gam and the results were compared and analyz...

this study compared 2 main approaches to readability assessment. thequantitative approach applied idea density based on part of speech tagging andcompared 3 sets of text types (i.e., narrative, expository, and argumentative) withrespect to their ease of reading. the qualitative approach was done throughdeveloping questionnaires measuring intermediate efl learners’ perceptions oncontent, motivat...

risk assessment provides the possibility of planning and management to prevent and reduce the risk of desertification. the present study is aimed to assess the hazard and risk of desertification and to develop management programs in the semi-arid western regions of golestan province in iran. desertification rate was obtained using the iranian model of desertification potential assessment. since...

extract  although there are new ways to portray the brain, colored and computerized encephalography but coma is still unknown and such as death remain beyond comprehension and knowing. is not it ?   perhaps because of this, despite knowing that some part of the brain is not yet fully understood all its parts. but knowing the components that working to each other is key for discovering a lot of ...

background: in the refractory brick manufacturing industry, because of the high risks associated with the level of dust in the factory environment and thermal stress, a precise identification of industrial hazards is required as a part of safety analysis. the aim of this study was to introduce a preventive approach to risk identification and assessment in the refractory brick production line.  ...

introduction: research has asserted mcq items using three response options (one correct answer with two distractors) is comparable to, and possibly preferable over, traditional mcq item formats consisting of four response options (e.g., one correct answer with three distractors), or five response options (e.g., one correct answer with four distractors). some medical educators have also adopted ...