sayyed mortaza is one of the noble imami scholors in 4-5th century and an specialist in some different islamic disciplines such as fegh, kalam, tafsir. he believed the preference of reason in explaining and criticizing of the traditions. this article addresses his views on relation of reason and narration. he uses reason to criticize and interpret narrations. reason in his view has an independe...

The concept of evaluation gaps captures potential discrepancies between what researchers value about their research, in particular research quality, and metrics measure. existence can give rise to questions the relationship intrinsic extrinsic motivations perform i.e., how field-specific notions quality compete with captured via metrics, consequently manage balancing act values requirements pro...

Radio astronomers look to far-flung locations detect low-frequency signals that emanate from the ancient universe.

Not all professional astronomers use observatories to ply their trade. Some are hard at work in the laboratory, unraveling the mysteries of the universe. } { CHRIS SCHUR