In this study, cooling of a hot obstacle in a rectangular cavity filled with water-CuO nanolfuid has been examined numerically. This cavity has an inlet and outlet and the cold nanofuid comes from the left side of the cavity and after cooling the hot obstacle, it goes out from the opposite site. All of the walls are insulated, and the SIMPLER algorithm has been employed for solving the governin...

the output of x-ray, especially in the field of required energy for diagnosing the disease is very low (in diagnosing lamps, it is less than 1%). in this kind of lamps the rest of the electrical energy is transformed to heat. this considerable amount of heat induces a myriad of too many limitations in choosing higher levels of radiation, particularly in specialized techniques. this process is t...

We study the dynamical structure of a cooling dominated rotating accretion flow around a spinning black hole. We show that non-linear phenomena such as shock waves can be studied in terms of only three flow parameters, namely, the specific energy (E), the specific angular momentum (λ) and the accretion rate (ṁ) of the flow. We present all possible accretion solutions. We find that a significant...

BACKGROUND The cellular damage that human spermatozoa encounter at rapid rates of cooling has often been attributed to the formation of intracellular ice. However, no direct evidence of intracellular ice has been presented. Alternatively, the cell damage may be the result of an osmotic imbalance encountered during thawing. This article examines whether intracellular ice forms during rapid cooli...

In this paper, we report careful transport and magnetic measurements on single crystals of deuterated k-~ET!2Cu@N~CN!2!#Br. By cooling the sample at different rates, it is found that cooling through 80 K has a dramatic effect on the normal state metal-insulator transition and the superconducting transition temperatures. In-plane resistivity depends strongly on the cooling rate for temperatures ...

Resistance spot welding (RSW) includes many variables that can influence the weld properties. The purpose of this study is to develop an analytical model for prediction of thermal history and weld microstructure in RSW and to find the most important process parameters that influence the weld microstructure. A one dimensional model is proposed for prediction about thermal history during cooling ...

the aim of this paper is to enhance thermal performance of a microchannel heat sink by using nanoencapsulated phase change material (nepcm) slurry as a cooling fluid instead of pure fluid. a threedimensional model of a circular channel using water slurry of nepcm was developed. the results show a significant reduction in the mean fluid temperature along the channel and heat sink wall temperatu...

cooling towers are widely used in most industrial units to reject waste heat to the atmosphere. this paper deals with an experimental analysis of heat and mass transfer phenomena between water and air by direct contact in a cooling tower. the tower is filled with 6 type packing. in this study temperature and pressure drop and tower characteristics was used in determining experimentally the ther...