The purpose of this study was to compare daily changes in the concentration of atropine or ephedrine sulfate solutions that had been stored up to 4 days in plastic or glass syringes. Sets of three plastic and one glass syringe were used for each drug; the glass syringes acted as controls. Each set of syringes was labeled as day 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. Syringes with medication were laid horizontally, ...

BACKGROUND To study the effects of Beta-blockers during Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography (DSE) comparing the hemodynamic benefits of an early administration of atropine in patients taking or not Beta-blockers. METHODS One hundred and twenty-one patients were submitted to dobutamine stress echocardiography for the investigation of myocardial ischemia. The administration of atropine was rando...

The contributions of acetylcholine and/or nitric oxide (NO) to the rapid changes in human forearm blood flow (FBF) at the onset and recovery from mild exercise were studied in eight subjects. Rhythmic handgrip contractions were performed during brachial artery infusions of saline (2 ml/min; control), atropine (0.2 mg over 3 min), to block acetylcholine binding to muscarinic receptors, or atropi...

BACKGROUND Atropine sulfate is an anticholinergic agent for treatment of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and is orally administrated as a triturate with lactose hydrate. Because of the low safety margin of atropine sulfate, triturate uniformity is a key safety factor. In this study, we assessed the uniformity of atropine sulfate in 1000-fold triturates prepared by wet mixing and dry mixing method...

The effect of atropine on sputum production has been studied in patients with asthama, chronic bronchitis, and bronchiectasis in some of whom there was bronchorrhoea. In three patients a reduction in sputum volume was observed after atropine but it would seem that the decrease was mainly due to the inhibitory effect on salivary secretion which facilitates spitting. The one patient treated with ...

The effects of intravenous lignocaine and atropine in preventing cardiac arrhythmias were evaluated in forty-five psychiatric patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. During the electrical shock a more prolonged asystole was observed in the lignocaine than in the atropine group. During the tonic-donic seizure ventricular extrasystoles appeared in six atropinized patients. During the postc...

Safety index (S.I.) of ether, chloroform and halothane was determined in mice following premedication with chloral hydrate, phenobarbitone, diazepam and trifluoperazine given alone or in combination with atropine or hyoscine. The S.I. of ether was significantly raised by chloral hydrate and phenobarbitone when combined with atropine while trifluoperazine in combination with atropine or hyoscine...

BACKGROUND The conventional dobutamine protocol for the investigation of induced myocardial ischemia is well established. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of early administration of atropine during the dobutamine stress echocardiogram, as compared to its conventional use. METHODS One hundred and twenty-one patients were referred to the dobutamine stress echocardiogram, for the invest...

This study investigates state-dependent learning employing atropine. The reaction of rats to (1) the presentation of novel stimuli, (2) habituation to intermittent presentations of the same stimulus at the same local, (3) spatial change at the site of stimulus presentation, and (4) a visual stimulus change, was investigated in the straight alleyway test, controlling for the possible development...

BACKGROUND A paradoxic response to atropine with development of atrioventricular (AV) block has been described in patients after heart transplantation (HTx). We investigated further the incidence and dose-response relationship of this paradoxic atropine response and explored predictive factors. METHODS We investigated 25 clinically stable patients (age 55 +/- 2 years) 18 to 126 months after H...