BACKGROUND Scale up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to substantial declines in HIV related morbidity and mortality. However, attrition from ART care remains a major public health concern and has been identified as one of the key reportable indicators in assessing the success of ART programs. This study describes the incidence and predictors of attrition among adults initiating ART in a ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the rate and factors associated with attrition of patients receiving ART in tertiary and secondary hospitals in Nigeria. METHODS AND FINDINGS We reviewed patient level data collected between 2007 and 2010 from 11 hospitals across Nigeria. Kaplan-Meier product-limit and Cox regression were used to determine probability of retention in care and risk factors for attrition r...

This paper develops a mathematical theory for solving determin-istic, Lanchester-type, 'square-law' attrition equations for combat between two homogeneous forces with temporal variations in fire effec-tivenesses (as expressed b y the Lanchester attrition-rate coefficients). It gives a general form for expressing the solution of such variable-coefficient combat attrition equations in terms of La...

This paper presents a new model of the war of attrition, based on a geographical or territorial dispute. Both sides try to extend their boundaries, and the level of effort at each time is endogenous. There are two kinds of stationary equilibria, one with fighting to completion, the other with a cessation of hostilities. As a player gets closer to losing, that player's probability of winning bat...

The aim of this paper is to provide the reader with a general overview of the field of attrition. Having situated this relatively new research domain with respect to related fields and approaches, a brief summary of the most important research questions and preliminary findings is given. The discussion then focuses on two issues that are of particular interest with respect to neurolinguistics: ...

Asymmetries in the abilities of contestants that engage in a protracted competition appear to be more common than symmetric competitions. Why doesn’t the weaker player concede immediately? This paper introduces a model based on the idea that a “war” can only be won by winning a series of battles. There are two kinds of stationary equilibria, one with fighting to completion, the other with a ces...

Digital self-improvement programs (e.g., interventions, training programs, self-help apps) are widely accessible, but can not employ the same degree of external regulation as programs delivered in controlled environments. As a result, they suffer from high attrition – even the best programs won’t work if people don’t use them. We propose that volitional engagement – facilitated through avatar c...

The emotional competence can be regarded as an important personal resource in service work because it moderates the relationships between work characteristics, emotional dissonance, and outcome variables like job satisfaction and Attrition. The objective of this research was to explore the antecedents and consequences of emotional dissonance leading to attrition among the knowledge workers in t...

Using routine data from HIV-positive adult patients eligible for antiretroviral therapy (ART), we report on routinely collected demographic characteristics and opportunistic diseases associated with pre-ART attrition (deaths and loss to follow-up). Among 2471 ART eligible patients, enrolled between January 2005 and November 2008, 446 (18%) were lost to attrition pre-ART. Adjusted risk factors s...