This paper explores the role of threats from below in the emergence of electoral authoritarianism. Mass uprisings for democratic regime change undermine closed authoritarian regimes by making it difficult for autocrats to maintain their regimes through repression and co-optation. Anti-regime uprisings also promote the establishment of electoral authoritarianism by toppling existing closed regim...

Democratic Values -.07 (-1.77) -.04 (-1.06) Authoritarianism .04 (.91) .06 (1.47) Socio-Political (Control) Variables Education level -.16*** (-4.21) .01 (.34) Income in comparison to average -.03 (-.84) -.02 (-.48) Political orientation -.10* (-2.21) -.11** (-2.61) Religiosity -.01 (-.11) .10* (2.55) R (Adjusted) .54 (.53) .32 (.31) *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001. 115 Hatred as an Emotional ...

BACKGROUND As in many fragile and post-conflict countries, South Africa's social contract has formally changed from authoritarianism to democracy, yet access to services, including health care, remains inequitable and contested. We examine access barriers to quality health services and draw on social contract theory to explore ways in which a post-apartheid health care contract is narrated, pra...

Using a stratified random sampling procedure, we interviewed 200 residents of Beirut, Lebanon and surrounding areas in order to test predictions of a dual process model of prejudice. We examined the role of social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) in predicting prejudice toward Americans, mediating the relationships between personality dimensions and prejudice, a...