Autoimmune hepatitis is characterized by inflammation in liver histology, circulating autoantibodies, and increased levels of immunglobulin G, the absence a known etiology. There are different clinical types described children. Because presentation autoimmune with findings, establishment diagnosis may be difficult. In last two decades, 6-fold increase incidence has been reported thanks to updat...

Citation for published version (APA): Liberal, R., Grant, C. R., Holder, B. S., Cardone, J., Martinez-llordella, M., Ma, Y., ... Longhi, M. S. (2015). In autoimmune hepatitis type 1 or the autoimmune hepatitis-sclerosing cholangitis variant defective regulatory Tcell responsiveness to IL-2 results in low IL-10 production and impaired suppression. Hepatology, 62(3), 863875. DOI: 10.1002/hep.27884

A 9-year-old-girl presented with clinical features of autoimmune hepatitis and associated signs of cholestasis in the form of itching and elevated levels of serum alkaline phosphatase. There was histologic evidence of bile duct injury. Hence a clinical diagnosis of "overlap syndrome" of autoimmune hepatitis with primary sclerosing cholangitis was considered.

Whither smooth muscle antibodies in the third millennium? Lupoid hepatitis (now known as autoimmune hepatitis type I) was defined as an autoimmune disease by Mackay and colleagues in 1965. 1 An immunological marker of the disease was identified by Johnson et al in 1965 in the form of an " antismooth muscle antibody ". 2 3 Over the following 30 years, smooth muscle antibody (SMA) has been used i...

Autoimmune liver disease spans three predominant processes, from the interface hepatitis of autoimmune hepatitis to the lymphocytic cholangitis of primary biliary cirrhosis, and finally the obstructive fibrosing sclerotic cholangiopathy of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Although all autoimmune in origin, they differ in their epidemiology, presentation and response to immunosuppressive therapy ...