Fluorescence enhancement was studied on silver colloidal metal films (CMFs) using two systems: (1) Langmuir--Blodgett monolayers of fluorescein-labeled phospholipids separated from the surface of the films by spacer layers of octadecanoic acid and (2) biotin--fluorescein conjugates captured by avidin molecules adsorbed on top of a multilayer structure formed by alternating layers of bovine seru...

NMR-based biosensors that utilize laser-polarized xenon offer potential advantages beyond current sensing technologies. These advantages include the capacity to simultaneously detect multiple analytes, the applicability to in vivo spectroscopy and imaging, and the possibility of "remote" amplified detection. Here, we present a detailed NMR characterization of the binding of a biotin-derivatized...

Responsive or smart contrast agents (SCAs) provide new opportunities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine a number of physiological and pathological events. However, their application in vivo remains challenging. Therefore, much research is focused on the optimization of their properties, to enable their use in additional imaging modalities, pre-targeted delivery, or to increase the l...

Using a silicon nanowire field-effect transistor (SiNW-FET) for biomolecule detections, we selected 3-(mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS), N-[6-(biotinamido)hexyl]-3(')-(2(')-pyridyldithio) propionamide (biotin-HPDP), and avidin, respectively, as the designated linker, receptor, and target molecules as a study model, where the biotin molecules were modified on the SiNW-FET to act as a rece...

Background: Monoclonal antibodies have been employed extensively for the identification of Leishmania species, development of diagnostic tests and in the characterization of defined leishmanial antigens. Objectives: Identification and characterization of  Leishmania spp. directly from cutaneous lesions of infected individuals. Methods: An immunoperoxidase test (Avidin-Biotin technique) using mo...

Background: Different methods have been used for characterization of Leishmania promastigotes. Monoclonal antibodies are useful in characterization of   Leishmania spp . both amastogotes and promastigotes. Objective: Comparing the characterization of   Leishmania spp. promastigotes with immunoperoxidase test (Avidin-Biotin) techniques and an indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA).   Methods: Ap...

A new affinity biosensor based on a novel terahertz (THz) wave technology, differential time domain terahertz spectroscopy (DTDS), has been used to monitor the binding between biotin and avidin molecules. Amplified detection of ligandreceptor binding on supported membranes composed of a biotin bilayer on quartz modified octadecanol surface is a useful model lipid membrane for studying avidinbio...

The paramagnetic microbead-based electrochemical binding assay was demonstrated for detecting two kinds of protein simultaneously. The principle of this assay is based on the sequestration electrochemistry. The protein binding electroactive magnetic microbeads which are conjugated with an electroactive compound and a ligand to bind specifically with a target protein were prepared. The avidin-bi...

The high binding affinity between avidin and biotin has been exploited to develop a procedure for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visualization of target cells. SHIN3 and PANC1 tumor cell lines have been used as target cells because they possess on their membranes galactosyl receptors able to bind avidin molecules. Avidin–Gd chelate adducts have been built by using two Gd complexes containing ...

Screening combinatorial libraries of conformationally constrained peptides against macromolecular targets is utilized in identifying novel drug leads and in developing new reagents for chemical biology. In methods such as phage-display selections, biotinylated macromolecular targets are often immobilized on avidin- and streptavidin-functionalized supports. Thus, the characterization of peptides...