The syndrome of enhanced atrioventricular nodal (AVN) conduction has been defined arbitrarily by: AH interval during normal sinus rhythm (AH-NSR) less than or equal to 60 msec; shortest right atrial pacing cycle length (PCL) maintaining 1:1 AVN conduction (shortest PCL 1:1) less than or equal to 300 msec; and at the shortest PCL 1:1, an increase in the AH interval from AH-NSR (delta AH) less th...

Core decompression (CD) of the femoral head is one of the effective treatments of avascular necrosis (AVN), especially in the early stages of the disease. To investigate further the value of CD in treating the AVN, this study was performed on patients with symptomatic AVN with different etiologies who were treated with CD. This study was carried out on 25 patients (with the total number of 37 f...

OBJECTIVES The role of the atrial inputs for the conduction through the atrioventricular node (AVN) at slow rates and during reentrant tachycardia is well acknowledged, although still controversial. However, the relationship between the sequence and rate of atrial engagement of the AVN inputs and the resulting ventricular rate during high atrial rate remains unclear. This study provides quantit...

Background inward sodium current (IB,Na) that influences cardiac pacemaking has been comparatively under-investigated. The aim of this study was to determine for the first time the properties and role of IB,Na in cells from the heart's secondary pacemaker, the atrioventricular node (AVN). Myocytes were isolated from the AVN of adult male rabbits and mice using mechanical and enzymatic dispersio...

BACKGROUND Femoral hip fractures are a common occurrence in the elderly. Of the various fracture patterns, intertrochanteric injuries have the lowest rate of complications. Case reports of ensuing subcapital fracture have all been linked to incorrect placement of fixation devices or to osteomyelitis, white cases of avascular necrosis have only been reported rarely in the literature and are cons...

The treatments of avascular osteonecrosis (AVN) include both conservative and surgical methods which are dependent on the stage and progression of the disease. The vasoactive-prostaglandin-analogue iloprost (PGI2) has been utilized in several areas of medicine and recently has been used for the treatment of AVN. A total of 108 patients with 136 osteonecrosis of different joints, etiology and se...

BACKGROUND Subcapital femoral neck is known to cause many complications, such as avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head or nonunion, compared with other femoral neck fractures. The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence of AVN and fixation failures in patients treated with internal fixation using cannulated screws for the subcapital femoral neck fractures. METHODS This study...

We thank Kelder et al. (1) for sharing their valuable insights into the development of atrioventricular (AV) junction. In response to their comments, our replies are as follows. The anatomical identity of the derivatives of dorsal mesenchymal protrusion (DMP) in our studies is in agreement with that described previously (2–5), which can be mapped by Mef2c-AHF-Cre (3, 5), and was also shown to b...

In Belgium, basically, a deterministic approach to nuclear safety is applied. However, plantspecific PSA studies are performed and updated in the framework of the Periodic Safety Reviews (PSR). This process has led to a number of modifications to safety equipment and operating practices. Occasionally, PSA staff of AVN is requested to provide risk information regarding plant modifications, plant...

BACKGROUND The goal of the present study was to test if ambulatory Holter recordings can predict the electrophysiologic study (EPS) findings in patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). METHODS AND RESULTS The study involved 110 patients with SVT who underwent Holter recording, and then EPS. The hypotheses were that (1) a P'R interval of premature atrial complexes (PACs) between 280 a...