Recently, several three-axial MEMS-based force sensors have been developed. This kind of force micro sensor is also called tactile sensor in literature for its similarities in size and sensitivity with human mechanoreceptors. Therefore, we believe these three-axial force sensors being able to analyse textures properties while sliding on a surface, as would do a person with his finger. In this p...

During vitreoretinal surgery, the surgeon manipulates retinal tissue with tool-to-tissue interaction forces below the human sensory threshold. A force sensor (FS) integrated with conventional surgical tools may significantly improve the surgery outcome by providing tactile feedback to the surgeon. We designed and built a surgical tool integrated with a miniature FS with an outer diameter smalle...

During prostate needle insertion, the gland rotates and displaces resulting in needle placement inaccuracy. To compensate for this error, we proposed master-slave needle steering under real-time MRI in a previous study. For MRIcompatibility and accurate motion control, the master (and the slave) robot uses piezo actuators. These actuators however, are non-backdrivable. To cope with this issue, ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Femoral impaction grafting requires vigorous impaction to obtain adequate stability without risk of fracture, but the force of impaction has not been determined. We determined this threshold force in a preliminary study using animal femurs. METHODS Adult sow femurs were used because of their morphological similarity to human femurs in revision hip arthroplasty. 35 sow f...

background and aims. in contrast to prepared natural dentin abutments, little is known concerning factors influencing the retention of fixed prostheses cemented to implant abutments. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of implant abutment height on the retention of single castings cemented to wide and narrow platform implant abutments. materials and methods. thirty-six parallel-...

This article proposes a method to estimate the axial force in a bar based on local vibration measurements. The method assumes Timoshenko beam theory and in addition accounts for the rotational inertia of the bar and the mass of the sensors. A major advantage of the proposed method is its generality. Assuming at least five sensors along the length of the bar, no information on the connection of ...

For more than 30 years, the fundamental goal in molecular motility has been to resolve force-generating motor protein structural changes. Although low-resolution structural studies have provided evidence for force-generating myosin rotations upon muscle activation, these studies did not resolve structural states of myosin in contracting muscle. Using electron paramagnetic resonance, we observed...

We show that when left and right handed neutrinos a have majorana mass matrix, local guage invariance produces a fifth force acting between chiral charges on neutrinos and quarks. The force is a carried by a massless (or low mass) 1-spin guage boson, we call an axiphoton. The force is caused by a U(1) axial guage symmetry in the way as the electromagnetic force. We expect from renormalisation t...

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