Exchange-spring nanocomposite permanent magnets have received a great deal of attention for their potential for improved the energy products. Predicted results, however, has been elusive. Optimal properties rely on a uniformly fine nanostructure. Particularly, the soft magnetic phase must be below approximately 10 nm to ensure complete exchange coupling. Inert gas condensation (IGC) is an ideal...

Everyday activities are nowadays indispensably related to the application of mobile devices, particularly smartphones, which no more just for communication but many other tasks, varying from business, like education or online banking, entertainment, example, social networking movie watching. A bottleneck any contemporary portable device is sufficient capacity battery. This should be high enough...

In order to prove the speed regulation for permanent magnet motor systems, a control method is proposed to reject the disturbance by cogging torque, which arises from the interaction of the rotor magnets with the steel teeth on the stator. Toward this aim, we present a state observer with an internal model which has harmonics of sinusoids, and it follows from the proposed observer that the info...

Helicon discharges are known for their ability to produce high densities of partially ionized plasma, their efficiency arising from an unusual mechanism of RF coupling. However, the requirement of a dc magnetic field has prevented their wide acceptance in industry. The use of permanent magnets greatly simplifies helicon sources, and arrays of small sources extends the use of helicons to the pro...

Abstract Due to economic, environmental and geopolitical issues, the development of permanent magnets with a composition free rare earth elements acceptable magnetic properties has been considered priority by international community, being MnAl based alloys amongst most promising candidates. The aim this work was evaluate toxicity powders two forms newly developed MnAl(C) through exposure exper...

Rare earth (RE) magnets have become virtually indispensible in a wide variety of industries such as aerospace, automotive, electronics, medical, and military. RE elements are essential ingredients in these high performance magnets based on intermetallic compounds RECo5, RE2TM17 (TM: transition metal), and RE2TM14B. Rare earth magnets are known for their superior magnetic properties—high inducti...

We demonstrate a counterintuitive approach for improving exchange-spring magnets. Contrary to the general belief that the exchange–spring interface must be ideal and atomically coherent, we thermally process, by annealing or high-temperature deposition, epitaxial Sm–Co/Fe thin-film bilayers to induce interfacial mixing. Synchrotron x-ray scattering and electron microscopy elemental mapping conf...

We report on the design, construction, and magnetic field measurements of a system of high field sextupole magnets made from NdFeB compounds. The magnets are utilized as a focusing system for neutral hydrogen ~or deuterium! atoms in a polarized atomic beam source based on Stern–Gerlach spin separation. Each magnet consists of 24 segments of permanently magnetized material differing in remanence...