PURPOSE Immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillation is recommended for high-risk, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin is not effective in advanced tumors, and better alternatives are warranted. Immunostimulating gene therapy with adenoviral vectors expressing CD40 ligand (AdCD40L) has shown efficacy in tumor models. CD40 ligand stimulates systemic imm...

the upstream rpoBF1 but with a DNA uptake sequence (in lower case) that was added at the 5′ end to permit DNA transformation (7). The transformant strain NM05-08 was resistant to rifampin (MIC >32 mg/L), and the sequence of the rpoB gene confirmed the His→Tyr mutation. When compared to the parental isolate (LNP21362), strain NM05-08 showed reduced virulence. Indeed, bacterial loads were similar...

We report a rare case in a female infant (age, 3.5 months) with primary immunodeficiency (IFN-γ/IL-12 pathway defect) who presented with suppurative lymphadenitis after Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination. The strain of M. bovis BCG identified was found to be resistant to isoniazid and rifampin. The patient was treated with a special pharmacological regimen involving isoniazid (in a limited, st...

Western blot analysis showed that the 46-kilodalton (kDa) dimeric protein antigen secreted in large amounts by some daughter strains of Mycobacterium bovis BCG corresponded to protein MPB70 present in long-term culture filtrates of the Japanese substrain. The 46/23-kDa antigen is the most abundant protein in supernatant from a 5-day culture but is masked by leaked products in old culture supern...

Introduction: In tuberculosis (TB) endemic regions BCG vaccine is administered at birth in an effort to protect against neonatal tuberculous meningitis. However, this live vaccine facilitates overwhelming systemic infections by otherwise innocuous organisms in infants with cellular primary immunodeficiencies . Case Report: Our case is a seven month old infant who developed abscess at BCG vaccin...

When Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Staphylococcus aureus were plated on agar containing increasing concentrations of fluoroquinolone, colony numbers exhibited a sharp drop, followed by a plateau and a second sharp drop. The plateau region correlated with the presence of first-step resistant mutants. Mutants were not recovered at concentrations above those required for the second sharp drop, there...