OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of urinary tract infection in neonates, with serious bacterial infections, admitted to the University Hospital of the West Indies. METHODS Admission records of all neonates admitted to the neonatal unit of the University Hospital of the West Indies between January 1995 and December 2000 for sepsis evaluation were reviewed. Infan...

Procalcitonin (PCT), the precursor protein of calcitonin (CT), has been considered recently as a significant indicator of bacterial infection and sepsis. However, the major source of PCT in sepsis remains unclear. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is activated during sepsis. Moreover, immunoreactive CT (iCT) can be detected in the pituitary. Therefore, we examined the effects of lipopolys...

Sepsis--a state of systemic bacterial infection--often leads to multiorgan failure and is associated with high mortality despite the recent advances achieved in intensive care treatment. Many of the ill effects of sepsis are attributed to an abnormally enhanced host inflammatory response that leads to neutrophil recruitment and activation involving selectins, a class of adhesion molecules, in t...

We evaluated a broad-based PCR assay coupled with high-resolution melt analysis for rapid bacterial identification in patients with bacterial sepsis. With a reference library of 60 clinically relevant bacterial species, 52 positive blood culture samples were tested. Our assay identified 46/52 samples at the species level, with 100% concordance to culture findings.

Frequently used experimental models of sepsis include cecal ligation and puncture, ascending colon stent peritonitis, and the i.p. or i.v. injection of bacteria or bacterial products (such as LPS). Many of these models mimic the pathophysiology of human sepsis. However, identification of mediators in animals, the blockade of which has been protective, has not translated into clinical efficacy i...

Sepsis develops when an infection surpasses local tissue containment. A series of dysregulated physiological responses are generated, leading to organ dysfunction and a 10% mortality risk. When patients with sepsis demonstrate elevated serum lactates and require vasopressor therapy to maintain adequate blood pressure in the absence of hypovolemia, they are in septic shock with an in-hospital mo...

In an emergency room situation, a suspected infection is one of the main reasons for seeking medical attention. Cases of bacterial sepsis need to be clinically identified and an antibiotic treatment administered, yet the clinical signs lack sensitivity and specificity. These infections trigger an inflammatory response syndrome of variable intensity, in which the clinical or biological manifesta...

With the advent of antibiotic resistance, pathogenic bacteria have become a major threat in cases of neonatal sepsis; however, guidelines for treatment have not yet been standardized. In this study, 15 cases of neonatal Streptococcus agalactiae sepsis from our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Of these, nine cases showed early-onset and six cases showed late-onset sepsis. Pathogens were c...

introduction: hyperbilirubinemia is a relatively common disorder among infants in iran. bacterial infection and jaundice may be associated with higher morbidity. previous studies have reported that jaundice may be one of the signs of infection. the aim of this study was to determine the incidence rate, presentation time, severity of jaundice, signs and complications of infection within neonatal...

Sepsis, a leading cause of death worldwide, involves concomitant expression of an overzealous inflammatory response and inefficient bacterial clearance. Macrophage function is pivotal to the development of these two aspects during sepsis; however, the mechanisms underlying these changes remain unclear. Here we report that the PD-1:PD-L pathway appears to be a determining factor of the outcome o...