a graph g = (v,e) with p vertices and q edges is said to be a total mean cordial graph if there exists a function f : v (g) → {0, 1, 2} such that f(xy) = [(f(x)+f(y))/2] where x, y ∈ v (g), xy ∈ e(g), and the total number of 0, 1 and 2 are balanced. that is |evf (i) − evf (j)| ≤ 1, i, j ∈ {0, 1, 2} where evf (x) denotes the total number of vertices and edges labeled with x (x = 0, 1, 2). in thi...

Let G be a non-trivial, loopless graph and for each non-trivial subgraph H of G, let g(H) = |E(H)| |V(H)|−ω(H) . The graph G is 1-balanced if γ(G), the maximum among g(H), taken over all nontrivial subgraphs H of G, is attained when H = G. This quantity γ(G) is called the fractional arboricity of the graph G. The value γ(G) appears in a paper by Picard and Queyranne and has been studied extensi...

Graph complexity measures like tree-width, clique-width, NLC-width and rank-width are important because they yield Fixed Parameter Tractable algorithms. Rank-width is based on ranks of adjacency matrices of graphs over GF(2). We propose here algebraic operations on graphs that characterize rank-width. For algorithmic purposes, it is important to represent graphs by balanced terms. We give a uni...

Refinement operators for triangular meshes as used in subdivision schemes or remeshing are discussed. A numbering scheme is presented, covering all refinement operators that (topologically) map vertices onto vertices. Using this characterization, some special properties of n-adic and √ 3-subdivision are easy to see.

For a graph G and a proper coloring c : V (G) → {1, 2, . . . , k} of the vertices of G for some positive integer k , the color code of a vertex v of G (with respect to c ) is the ordered (k + 1) -tuple code(v) = (a0, a1, . . . , ak) where a0 is the color assigned to v and for 1 ≤ i ≤ k , ai is the number of vertices adjacent to v that are colored i . The coloring c is irregular if distinct vert...

The balanced decomposition number f(G) of a graph G was introduced by Fujita and Nakamigawa [Discr. Appl. Math., 156 (2008), pp. 3339-3344]. A balanced colouring of a graph G is a colouring of some of the vertices of G with two colours, such that there is the same number of vertices in each colour. Then, f(G) is the minimum integer s with the following property: For any balanced colouring of G,...

Given a bipartite graph G(U ∪ V, E) with n vertices on each side, an independent set I ∈ G such that |U ⋂ I| = |V ⋂ I| is called a balanced bipartite independent set. A balanced coloring of G is a coloring of the vertices of G such that each color class induces a balanced bipartite independent set in G. If graph G has a balanced coloring we call it colorable. The coloring number χB(G) is the mi...

A graph $G$ is called irregular if the degrees of all its vertices are not same. said to be \textit{Stepwise Irregular} (SI) difference any two adjacent always 1 (one). This paper deals with \textit{2-Stepwise (2-SI) graphs in which every pair differ by 2. Here we discuss some properties 2-SI and generalize them for $k$-SI imbalance edge $k$. Besides, also compute bounds irregularity Albertson ...