despite the care taken to ensure the quality of date collected by enumeration and sampling, the final tabulation will sometimes give obvious indication of errors in basic information. evaluation of these errors furnishes those who use such a study and sampling. more general, the finding in these studies should be helpful to others that conduct surveys. in order to compare the age composition of...

objectives: this study has been carried out to assess the prevalenceof cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly people in amirshahr city. methods & materials: in this descriptive cross- sectional study, 1019 people over 60 years old in amirshahr city were assessed. amirshahr has 2000 elder people over 60 (53.5% male and 46.5% female) .data were collected using standard questionnaire included ...

the photoanthropometric method was used to study the facial features in 136 iranian children with down syndrome, aged 4 to 14 years. nineteen parameters were investigated and compared to an age related control group of 100 normal iranian children. the obtained measurements were related to reference values in the same faces. the normal range was defined by age related index values between the 20...

low back pain (lbp) is a widespread musculoskeletal disorder worldwide. it causes disability that influence work performance in individuals. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of lbp in the middle-aged office workers in the lebanese population. in this observational, cross-sectional study performed in 2013, overall, 250 office workers aged between 20 and 64 ye...

We study the effects of learning by imitating others within the framework of an iterated game in which the members of two complementary populations interact via random pairing at each round. This allows us to compare both the fitness of different strategies within a population and the performance of populations in which members have access to different types of strategies. Previous studies reve...

An eco-evolutionary feedback loop is defined as the reciprocal impacts of ecology on evolutionary dynamics and evolution on ecological dynamics on contemporary timescales. We experimentally tested for an eco-evolutionary feedback loop in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, by manipulating initial densities and evolution. We found strong evidence that initial aphid density alters the rate and...