The scope of this paper is to explore, analyze and develop a universal architecture that supports mobile payments and mobile banking, taking into consideration the third and the emerging fourth generation communication technologies. Interaction and cooperation between payment and banking systems, integration of existing technologies and exploitation of intelligent procedures provide the prospec...

The IMS Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) standard has not had a great takeup in part due to the lack of tools. In the 2006 JISC Capital, three Assessment projects were commissioned: item authoring, item banking, and QTI-compliant test delivery. This paper describes the ̳ASDEL‘ test delivery engine, focusing upon its architecture, its relation to the item authoring and item banking servi...

Banks want to use their genuine strong credential for online banking transaction authorization the debit card. Customers nowadays are usually equipped with a Smartphone and prefer to not carry a card reader in addition. Methods where developed that use the Smartphone to authorize online banking transactions. These methods are vulnerable to Smartphone malware. We present NFC-TAN as a Smartphone ...

Supplier integration has been a hot topic for both academicians and practitioners since the booming of supply chain management and popularity of Japanese supplier management practices. Previous studies have contributed a lot to the performance impacts of supplier integration. However, not much has been done in investigating the enablers, and little attention has been paid from the resource-base...

A milestone in European integration was achieved when the third and final stage of EMU began on January 1, 1999, with the introduction of the euro. This annex provides a progress report on several aspects of EMU: European financial market integration; implementation and performance of the EMU payments and securities settlement systems; the outlook for pan-European capital markets; banking syste...

in this paper, an efficient method for solving optimal control problemsof the linear differential systems with inequality constraint is proposed. by usingnew adjustment of hat basis functions and their operational matrices of integration,optimal control problem is reduced to an optimization problem. also, the erroranalysis of the proposed method is investigated and it is proved that the order o...

Since 80s, along with the heating-up competition in finance industry and the liberalization trend of financial supervision, a tendency of integration appears in world three financial service fields, namely banking, insurance, and security. It threats the banking business. The banking industry that always possesses the core position in financial system faces enormous challenges. On the other han...

Credit with Education is a way to provide self-financing microfinance (or small-scale banking) to women, primarily in very poor, rural areas, while at the same time provide education for business and family survival. Within the village banking movement, attempts to integrate education with village bank meetings have fallen into two types. In one, the field staff provides both the education and ...